Psych Ch 4

Front 1

neuropsychologist

Back 1

study of the brain and nervous system

Front 2

nervous system

Back 2

mechanism in our body that gathers and processes information

Front 3

what 2 things are attached to the central nervous system

Back 3

brain and spinal cord

Front 4

what 2 things are attached to the peripheral nervous system

Back 4

autonomic and somatic system

Front 5

what 2 things are are attached to the autonomic syetem

Back 5

parasympathetic and sympathetic

Front 6

what does the central nervous system do

Back 6

receive/store sensory information

pick up tastes, smells, sound, color, and pressure

send messages to internal organs

Front 7

spinal reflexes: automatic

Back 7

when the brain doesn't need to get involved and the spinal cord makes a decision without concious effort

Front 8

peripheral nervous system

Back 8

all other parts of the nervous system except the brain and spinal cord

Front 9

sensory nerves

Back 9

carry messages from receptors in the skin/muscles that sends them to the brain

Front 10

motor nerves

Back 10

sends out messages telling your body how to act

Front 11

somatic

Back 11

nerves connected to sensory receptors for voluntary actions

Front 12

autonomic

Back 12

regulates blood vessels, glands, and organs

Front 13

sympathetic

Back 13

when a body senses fear, automatic response to something (body decides what to do)

Front 14

parasympathetic

Back 14

undoes the sympathetic actions and calms you down

Front 15

neurons

Back 15

basic units of the nervous system that conduct electrochemical signals

Front 16

glia

Back 16

support, nurture, and insulate neurons, remove debris when they die, and enhance neural connections

Front 17

structure of the neuron

Back 17

dendrites, cell body, axon

Front 18

dendrites

Back 18

looks like branches, act as antennas receiving and transmitting messages from nerve cells to the cell body

Front 19

cell body

Back 19

shaped like a sphere/pyramid, included cell nucleus, genetic information, and controls the cells growth/reporoduction

Front 20

axon

Back 20

attached to the cell body, transmits messages to the cell body and transits messages away from cell body

Front 21

neurogenesis

Back 21

production of new neurons from stem cells (immature cells that have the potential to mature into new cells)

Front 22

axon terminals

Back 22

end of the road in a neuron, synaptic vesicles

Front 23

action potential

Back 23

firing of the neurons through electrical voltage to try and make neurons less negative

Front 24

neurotransmitters

Back 24

chemical substance released by a neuron at the synapse

Front 25

endorphins

Back 25

chemical substances similar to opiates that reduce pain and increase pleasure

Front 26

hormones

Back 26

released by glands-affect the functioning of organs

Front 27

seratonin (neurotransmitter)

Back 27

sleep, mood, eating

Front 28

dopamine (NT)

Back 28

movement learning, emotion

Front 29

acetylcholine

Back 29

muscle action, memory, emotion

Front 30

norephinephrine

Back 30

heart rate, learning, memory

Front 31

GABA

Back 31

inhibits NT

Front 32

how do we study the brain?

Back 32

study people with brain damage and animals/electric or magnetic detections

Front 33

EEG, TMS, PET scan, MRI

Back 33

all different ways of studying the brian

Front 34

brain stem

Back 34

top of spinal column. most basic functioning of the brain

Front 35

pons

Back 35

involved in sleeping, waking, dreaming

Front 36

medulla

Back 36

breathing, heart rate, automatic functions

Front 37

cerebellum

Back 37

regulates movement and balance

Front 38

thalamus

Back 38

relays sensory information to higher centers

all senses go to thalamus except smell

Front 39

hypothalamus

Back 39

emotion, fight, flee, sex

Front 40

pituitary gland

Back 40

regulation of hormones

Front 41

amygdala

Back 41

arousal/emotion regulation

Front 42

hippocampus

Back 42

getting new information and committing that to memory

Front 43

cerebrum

Back 43

largest part of the brain, responsible for forms of higher thinking

Front 44

cerebral cortex

Back 44

layer of cells covering the cerebrum

Front 45

lobes of the cortex

Back 45

frontal, occipitial, parietal, temporal

Front 46

frontal lobe

Back 46

emotional processing, problem solvin

Front 47

occipital

Back 47

back of brain, vision

Front 48

parietal

Back 48

awareness of surroundings

Front 49

temporal

Back 49

language/memory

Front 50

2 hemispheres of the brain

Back 50

left: cognitive skills, rational and analytic abilities

right: spatial visualization, creativity

Front 51

plasticity

Back 51

brain ability to change and adapt in response to experience