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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the core/A symptoms of depression? |
- low mood - anhedonia - anergia |
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what are the cognitive symptoms of depression? |
- concentration troubles - memory loss - guilt - worthlessness |
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what is the mnemonic for depression symptoms and what are they? |
Sleep Interest Depressed mood Energy Concentratio Appetite Psychomotor retardation |
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what 3 criteria allow detention under the MHA? |
- must have a mental disorder - must have risk of harm to self/others - must be a treatment |
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what are the sections of the MHA and how long can people be detained under them for? |
- section 2 for assessment/treatment <28days - secton 3 for treatment <6months - section 5 for MHA assessment <72hrs (1 Dr) - section 136 to put in a safe palce <72hrs (by police officer) |
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who is required to detain under section 2/3 of the MHA? |
1 approved MH professional and recommendation of 2 doctors |
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what is needed to have capacity? |
- understand info - retain info - weight up info - communicate their decision |
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what are the physical causes of depression? |
- hypothyroidism / parathyroid - cushing’s - alcohol/drug abuse - renal failurefolate def - cerebral tumour |
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what are the main classes of drugs used to treat depression? |
- SSRIs - SnRIs - MAOIs - NaSSa - Lithium |
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what is the most common class of antidepressants and name some specifics
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SSRIs - citalopram / escitalopram - sertraline - fluxoetine |
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what are examples of SNRIs |
- venoflaxine - duloxetine |
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- what is an NaSSa and give the widely used agent |
Nor-adrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant - MIRTAZPINE
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what is the main tricyclic antidepressant used?
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amitriptyline |
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what are obstrectic RFs for schizophrenia? |
- pre-eclampsia - LBW |
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which symptoms are best controlled by anti-psychotics and why? |
positive symptoms because these are due to excess dopamine in the mesolimbic tract and antipsychotics are dopamine antagonists |
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what are the types of thought interference? |
- though withdrawal - thought insertion - thought broadcasting |
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what are the delusions associated with schizophrenia? |
- delusional perception - passivity - thought interference |
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what is delusional perception? |
real stimulus is interpreted in a delusional way - eg it is raining therefore i am the queen |
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what is passivity? |
belief that an outside force is controlling actions/sensations
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what are the three phases of schizoprenia?
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- ARM --> no psychotic symptoms - acute --> positive symptoms - chronic --> negative symptoms |
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what are the postive symptoms of schizophrenia? |
- hallucinations - delusions - disorganised speech |
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what are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia? |
- anhedinia - alogia (poverty of speech) - affective blunting - apathy - social withdrawal |
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what are the differences between atypical and typical antispsychotics? |
typical = older, cheap, effective but non-specific so EPSEs common atypical = newer, fewer EPSEs |
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what are examples of typical antipsychotics? |
- chlorpromazine - haliperidol |
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what are examples of atypical antipsychotics?
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risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, quetiapine |
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what are main extra-pyramidal SEs? |
dystonia, akathisia (restlessness), parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia, hyperprolactinaemia
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what are symtoms of hyperprolactaemia? |
- galactorrhoea - amenorrhoea - gynaecomastia - hypogonadism |
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why does clozpine require monitoring? |
agranulocytosis which can be fatal occurs in 3%, check for neutropenia every week. |
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what are symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome? |
- muscle stiffness & rigidity - altered consciousness - fever - tachycardia - labile BP - raised CK and WCC |
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what are the treatments for BPAD and their properties? |
- lithium = nephrotoxic - sodium valporate = acute - carbamepazine = liver toxicity, 2nd line prophylaxis |
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what defines a manic episode? |
lasting >1week and distrupting work/social life etc |
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what are the symptoms/signs of mania? |
Distractability Impulsivity Grandiosity Flight of ideas Activity/appetite increase Sleep decreased Talkativeness |