Psych

Front 1

You read a news story about a psychologist who provided expert testimony during a criminal case. This sort of activity is characteristic of which type of psychologist?

Back 1

Forensic

Front 2

Developmental psychologist Arthur Chang wathes children in a day-care center through a one-way mirror. Chang is utilizing which form of research?

Back 2

Naturalistic observation

Front 3

In survey research, _______ are segments of the total group who are the subject of interest to the researcher

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samples

Front 4

According to the text, all but which of the following are emerging specialty area in psychology?

Back 4

Consumer

Front 5

________psychologist have worked to identify the cluster of psychological characteristics and behaviors that distinguish people

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Personality

Front 6

Which type of psychologist would evaluate whether overcrowding in urban areas is associated with increased violent crimes?

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Environmental

Front 7

Regarding training to work in the field of psychology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Back 7

The Bachelor's degree is recognized as the entry-level degree for professional work in some specialty areas like school psychology and industrial/organizational psychology

Front 8

Social desirability bias and volunteer bias are problems associated with which research method?

Back 8

Surveys

Front 9

Caroline Sherry is a counseling psychologist. Which of the following is she LEAST likely to see as a client

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Mr Andrew has depression

Front 10

Regarding behaviorism, which of the following statements is false

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BF Skinner conducted most of his research with humans

Front 11

Who is generally recognized as the founder of american psychology

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james

Front 12

In an experiment, the ______ group receives the manipulation of the independent variable

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experimental

Front 13

Which term best captures the meaning of the word "gestalt"

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Pattern

Front 14

Which theorists are associated with humanistic psychology

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Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Front 15

Your psychology professor refers to a research study and says the results were statistically significant what does this mean

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The results were unlikely to have been due to chance or other random factors

Front 16

Dr. Vickers just took a position as an educational psychologist with the blackstone school system. Of the following tasks which is Vickers Least likely to do in this position

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Administer intelligence test to students

Front 17

Which subspecialty represents the largest group of psychologists

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clinical

Front 18

A developmental psychologist would most likely

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study the psychological crises people experience at different ages

Front 19

Generalizing from research presented in the text which internet user is most likely to have poorer academic performance as a result of their internet use

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Abigail, uso uses the internet to visit chat rooms

Front 20

I a study of the effects of various brands of ice cream on weight gain, type of ice cream consumed represents the

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Independent variable

Front 21

Which of the following correlations represents two variables with the strongest relationship

Back 21

-0.95

Front 22

The word psychology comes from two greek roots that mean

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knowledge and mind

Front 23

humanistic psychologists stress all of the following except

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unconscious forces

Front 24

the approach that studies the relationships between biological processes and behavior is termed

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physiological psychology

Front 25

which perspective in psychology would suggest that depression is related to changes in brain chemistry

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physiological

Front 26

in an experiment the factor that changes in response to some other factor is referred to as the

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dependent variable

Front 27

The behaviorist emphasis on observable events as the focus of inquiry can be traced to which philosopher

Back 27

aristotle

Front 28

dr wilmington is a social psychologist who studies the topic of love. he goes to a variety of places where couples are found and watches how they interact with each other. which research method is dr. wilmington using for his study

Back 28

naturalistic observation

Front 29

G stanley hall is known for all but which of the following contributions to psychology

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he is considered the founder of american psychology

Front 30

which of the following statements would be made by a humanist

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aggression results when people are blocked from pursuing their goals

Front 31

a movement with modern psychology that applies principles from darwins theories is called

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evolutionary psychology

Front 32

which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology

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the science of behavior and mental processes

Front 33

an emphasis on the unconscious and early childhood experience is characterless of which school of psychology

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psychodynamic

Front 34

dr mpingus keeps a very detailed record of a series of interviews with an individual who is suffering from a rare brain disorder. This is an example of which research method

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case study

Front 35

Graduate student felicity farraday has just completed her dissertation entitled the role of observational learning in the development of prejudice what is farradys major in college

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social psychology

Front 36

A single cubic centimeter of human brain consists of well over ______ nerve cells

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50 million

Front 37

the brain's ability to coordinate information from all five senses best reflects which of the following characteristics of the nervous system

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integration

Front 38

the term plasticity refers to the

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brains special capacity for modification and change

Front 39

you are listening to a lecture. then the bell rings in the hallway. in order to hear this stimulus, ______ neurons must carry electrochemical messages from your ears to you brain

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afferent

Front 40

information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles is sent through ________ thus enabling the body to move

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efferent nerves

Front 41

the brain and spinal cord make up the ___

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central nervous system

Front 42

the _______ nervous system connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body

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peripheral

Front 43

you are walking to school when you encounter a strange barking dog you tense up and contemplate whether you should run away. which nervous system is responsible for this fight or flight reaction

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sympathetic

Front 44

essential body functions such as heart rate breathing and digestion are under the control of the

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autonomic nervous system

Front 45

the cell body contains the ______ which directs the manufacture of substances that a neuron needs for growth and maintenance

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nucleus

Front 46

your relative is experiencing memory loss related to alzheimer disease research suggest that there may be insufficient production of the neurotransmitter ________in this individuals brain

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acetylcholine

Front 47

_____ are natural opiates that shield the body from pain and elevate feelings of pleasure

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endorphins

Front 48

electrical activity in the brain can be captured by placing multiple electrodes on the scalp and then measuring the underlying electrical activity this method of studying the brains activity is called

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electroencephalogram

Front 49

if a persons cerebellum were damaged in an accident you would expect the person to have a problem with

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balance and muscle coordination

Front 50

the most comples mental functions such as thinking and planning take place in

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cerebral cortes

Front 51

____is the process by which the brain actively organizes and interprets sensory information

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perception

Front 52

____are specialized cells that detect stimulus information and transmit it to afferent nerves and the brain

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sensory receptors

Front 53

michael a famous musician is designing a new apartment tht will serve as both his residence and his recording studio. since the music studio shares a wall with his bedroom michael want to be sure that the recording studio is soundproof. this mean that michael want to sure that the sound from this studio is well under his _____ while he is i his bedroom

Back 53

absolute threshold

Front 54

what theory of perception proposes that detection of stimuli depends on a variety of factors including, but not limited to physical intensity of the stimulus fatigue of the observer and expectancy

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signal detection theory

Front 55

jennifer is a chain smoker. when her friend irene a non-smoker jets in the car with jennifer she is overwhelmed by the smell of smoke. one day she mentioned this fact to jennifer who was surprised by the comment. jennifer claims that when she sniffs her hair and clothing she cant sense the smoky scent. jennifers inability to detect the smoky sent is an example of

Back 55

sensory adaptation

Front 56

cones____

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are specialized receptor ells that enable us to see color

Front 57

you try to note the incredibly fine details of a computer micochip through a magnifying glass. on which area of the retina should you be focusing this image

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fovea

Front 58

the simultaneous distribution of sensory information across different neural pathways is called _____

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parallel processing

Front 59

the pitch of a sound is a function of the sound waves ______ whereas the loudness of a sound is a function of the sound waves_______

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frequency/amplitude

Front 60

the major function of the _____ is to amplify vibrations and pass them on to the inner ear

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pinnae

Front 61

The cutaneous senses consist of sensory receptors that provide information about _____

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touch, temperature, pain

Front 62

pain receptors________

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are dispersed widely throughout the body, Have a much higher threshold for firing than receptors for temperature and touch. Are all anatomically similar, although they differ in the type of physical stimuli to which they most readily respond

Front 63

endorphins are ______

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neurotransmitters that function as natural opiates in producing pleasure and pain

Front 64

taste buds the sensory receptors for taste are located in the

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papillae

Front 65

which of the following components are essential to the definition of consciousnesses

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awareness and arousal

Front 66

what part of the brain is typically most involved in awareness

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cerebral cortex

Front 67

the biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is called

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circadian rhythm

Front 68

jet lag may be explained by the

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effect of tie shifts on the circadian rhythm

Front 69

when you go to check on your sleeping child you observe tht his eyes are moving back and forth rapidly under his eyelids it is likely that he is

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in the deepest level of sleep

Front 70

insomnia is a disorder involving

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difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep

Front 71

courtney insisted that her husband see the doctor. she suspected that he had a sinus problem. periodically during the night he would seem to be startled jump and change his position. his snoring was driving them apart and the jumping kept her from getting a good nights sleep. he was always tired regardless of the number of house he slept. courtney was surprised when the doctor suggested that her husband was suffering from

Back 71

night terrrors

Front 72

narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by

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irresistible and uncontrollable urges to fall asleep

Front 73

according to _____ dreams are the brains attempt to make sense of the random firing of brain cells during sleep

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the activation-synthesis theory

Front 74

blake smokes marijuana. when he first started using he used to get high off one joint but now he finds he needs to smoke more and more to get the same high. this is an example of

Back 74

tolerance

Front 75

drug addiction occurs when

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physical and / or psychological dependence develops

Front 76

how does alcohol affect the brain

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alcohol affects the concentration of the neurotransmitter gaba... alcohol affects the frontal cortez, a region of the brain invoved in judgement and impulse control......alcohol affects the basal ganglia, a region of the brain involved in compulsive behavior

Front 77

gloria cant get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. she says she needs the caffeine to function normally. what type of drug is gloria dependent on

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stimulant

Front 78

the most widely used stimulants in the world are_____and_____

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caffeine/nicotine

Front 79

learning______

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involves a systematic change
involves a relatively permanent chang in behavior
is central to behaviorist theories

Front 80

your psychology assignment is to observe and list any behaviors of you relatives that indicate learning. which of the following should be included on you list

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your sister bumps into a door when she has a high fever

Front 81

dr meyer is known for his difficult pop quizzzes. immediately before he spings a pop quiz on his students he typically goes to the classroom door and closes it. students soon learn to anticipate a pop quiz whenever dr meyer closes the classroom door closing the door has become a

Back 81

cs

Front 82

pavlovs dog salivates each time he hears a bell, now however after several trials of salivating to the bell and not receiving any food the dog stops salivation. what happened

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extinction has occurred

Front 83

robert drank too much tequila last night he spent much of this morning vomiting and nauseated according to the principles of classical conditioning how will robert likely react today when he tastes or smells the tequila bottle that he drank our of last night

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he will find the scent and taste of tquila aversive

Front 84

whenever baby nimo cries, his mother picks him up. from a behaviorist perspective picking up baby nimo whenever he cries

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is a negative reinforcer for nimo for crying

Front 85

which of the following is the best example of negative reinforcement

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abbys dad kept nagging her to clean her room she eventually complied and did what her father wanted in order to get her dad to stop nagging

Front 86

a reinforcer that is innately satisfying and does not require any leaning to be perceived of as pleasurable is a ______reinforcer

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primary

Front 87

according to thorndikes law of effect

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behaviors followed by desirable outcomes are strengthened and behaviors followed by undesirable outcomes are weakened

Front 88

bubba a very smart german shepherd has leaned that if he barks at the neighbors while theyre grilling they will throw him a treat. however his owner paul does not want bubba to eat people food so does not allow bubba to eat treats from the neighbor. when paul is in the yard bubba never bars at the neighbors. according to operant conditioning principles, bubba is demonstrating that he can

Back 88

discriminate

Front 89

applied behavior analysis behavior modification programs rely on what principles of leaning to help people develop programs to change

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operant

Front 90

latent learning is

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based on insight

Front 91

tolman demonstrated that rats can lean to run a maze correctly even though they were never reinforced for successfully running through it. this demonstrated the phenomenon of

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latent learning

Front 92

akira haraguchi recited the digits of pi to the first 83431 decimal places in 2005 psychologists consider haraguchi_____

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a mnemonist

Front 93

____ refers to the process of transforming information into a form that can be stored in memory

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encoding

Front 94

fifteen year old matt and his father are in an elecronics store looking at video games systems. matt gives his father a complete breakdown of the pros and cons of each of the different video games systems on display. according to research on encoding processes matt is able to accurately recall all this information because he

Back 94

has deeply processed this information

Front 95

______states that memory storage involves three separate systems sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory

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atkinson shiffrin theory

Front 96

although _____ is rich and detailed we lose the information in it quickly unless we use certain strategies that transfer it into other memory systems

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sensory memory

Front 97

unrehearsed information stored in short term memory lasts about

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30 seconds

Front 98

chunking involves

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reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller meaningful units

Front 99

shannon is an excellent student she rewrites her class notes after each class rewriting her notes is a form of

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rehearsal

Front 100

your knowledge of the alphabet and multiplication tables is stored in you _______ memory

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semantic

Front 101

working memory ______

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is an active memory system

Front 102

long term potentiation is a concept that explains

Back 102

how memory functions at the neuron level

Front 103

george has jsut graduated from college and is going on his first big job interview. he has leaned that here are 10 other applicants for the job because of information on the serial position effect that he leaned in his psychology class, george asks to be either the first or the last candidate interviewed why

Back 103

the serial position effect predicts that either the first or the last job applicant interviewed will be remembered better than the applicant interviewed second

Front 104

eye witness accounts of crimes are

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prone to errors

Front 105

a few years ago you had a boyfriend named steve now you have a new boyfriend named stephen because of _____ you sometimes call stephen by steves name

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proactive interference

Front 106

tamara is writing a paper about reactions to the tragedy that occurred at the twin towers on sept 11. she interviews ten of her classmates and asks them to remember that day. she is surprised to learn that nearly all of the students she interviewed offer very detailed vivid accounts of where they were and what they were doing when they first learned of the terrorist attacks. tamara has discovered that most of her classmates have_____ of sept 11

Back 106

implicit but not explicit memories