Psych

Front 1

absolute threshold

Back 1

the level of sensory stimulation necessary for sensation to occur

Front 2

adaptation

Back 2

the gradual loss of attenttion to unneeded or unwanted sensory information

Front 3

sensation

Back 3

process of recieving information from the enviornment

Front 4

perception

Back 4

process of assembling and organizing sensory information to make it meaningful

Front 5

white light

Back 5

light as it originates from the sun or a bulb before it is broken into different frequencies

Front 6

cornea

Back 6

the clear outer covering of the eye, behind which is a fluid

Front 7

iris

Back 7

a colored circular muscle that opens and closes, forming larger and smaller circle to control the amount of light getting into the eye

Front 8

lens

Back 8

the part of the eye that focuses an image on the retina

Front 9

pupil

Back 9

the opening in the eye; controls how much light gets in

Front 10

retina

Back 10

the back of the eye, which contains millions of receptors for light

Front 11

blind spot

Back 11

the portion of the retina through which the optic nerve exits and where there are no receptors for light waves

Front 12

rod

Back 12

a visual receptor most sensitive to the violet purple wavelengths; very sensitive for night vision; sees only black and white

Front 13

cone

Back 13

a visual receptor that responds during daylight sees color

Front 14

color blindness

Back 14

inability to percieve certain colors, such as red and green( can see blue and yellow)

Front 15

afterimage

Back 15

image that remains afte stimulation of the retina has ended. Cones not used fire to bring the visual system back in balance

Front 16

sublimal perception

Back 16

stimulation presented below the level of cosciousness

Front 17

audition

Back 17

sense of hearing

Front 18

pitch

Back 18

how high or low a sound is

Front 19

timbre

Back 19

the complexity of a sound

Front 20

intensity

Back 20

how loud a song is

Front 21

decibels

Back 21

a measure of how loud a sound is(its intensity)

Front 22

eardrum

Back 22

a piece of skin stretched over the entrance to the ear; vibrates to sounds

Front 23

cochlea

Back 23

a snail shaped part of the ear, filled with fluid and small hairs that vibrate to incoming sound

Front 24

hair cells

Back 24

receptor cells for hearing found in the cochlea

Front 25

cilia

Back 25

hairlike extensions on cells

Front 26

auditory nerve

Back 26

bundle of nerves carrying sound to the brain

Front 27

cutaneous receptors

Back 27

nerve receptors in the skin that respond to pressure, temperature, or pain

Front 28

olfaction

Back 28

the sense of smell

Front 29

oflactory bulbs

Back 29

recieve information from cilia in the nose and sen this information to the brain

Front 30

pheromones

Back 30

odor chemicals that an animal sends out to attract a possible partner

Front 31

taste receptors

Back 31

chemical receptors on the tongue that decode molecules of food or drink to identify them; 4 tpes- sweet sour, bitter, and salt

Front 32

size constancy

Back 32

tha ability to retain size of an object regardless of where it is located

Front 33

color constancy

Back 33

ability to percieve an object as the same color regardless of the enviornment

Front 34

brightness constancy

Back 34

ability to keep an objects brightness constant as the object is moved to carious evironments

Front 35

shape constancy

Back 35

ability to percieve an object as having the same shape regardless of the angle at which it is seen

Front 36

space constancy

Back 36

ability to keep objects in the environment steady be percieving either ourselves or outside objects as moving

Front 37

depth perception

Back 37

ability to see the relation of objects in space

Front 38

visual cliff

Back 38

an apparatus used to strate depth perception

Front 39

retinal disparity

Back 39

difference between the images provided by the two retinas. When the images are broght together in the brain, they provide a sense of depth

Front 40

texture gradient

Back 40

how rough or smooth objects appear; used in depth perception

Front 41

gestalt

Back 41

an organized whole, shape or form

Front 42

similarity

Back 42

a perceptual cue that involves grouping like things together

Front 43

proximity

Back 43

a perceptual cue that involves grouping together things that are near one another

Front 44

closure

Back 44

the process of filling in the missing details of what is viewed

Front 45

illusion

Back 45

inaccurate perceptions

Front 46

muller lyer illusion

Back 46

illusion which one line in apicture with two equal length lines seem longer

Front 47

reversible figure

Back 47

illusion in which the same object is seen as two alternating figures- first one , then the other