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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Neurotransmitters
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norepinephrine- maintains alertness, wakefulness
Dopamine- important to movement and to frontal lobe activity |
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Neural Networks
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Neurons in the brain connect with one another to form networks
Brain learns by modifying certain connections in response to feedback |
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Peripheral Nervous System
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Takes info to and from CNS
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Somatic Nervous System
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Primarily controls: motor output, sensory input
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Autonomic Nervous System
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Two branches- sympathetic: emergency system
Parasympathetic: calming functions Two systems usually act in opposition but can also act in concert |
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Biofeedback
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System for feeding back info regarding a physiological state- blood pressure, muscle tension
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Central Nervous System
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Spinal Cord- 31 nerves, contains sensory neurons and motor neurons
Spinal Cord Reflex- a simple, automatic, inborn response to a sensory stimulus Brain- major structures of the brain: hindbrain, midbrain and forebrain |
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Hindbrain
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Medulla
Pons Cerebellum Reticular formation |
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Medulla
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regulates heart rate and breathing
- cross over takes place |
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Pons
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- links to cerebellum, affects arousal and dreaming
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Cerebellum
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- balance, coordination, movement
- identifies if stimulation is of internal or external origin - tells brain to ignore internal sensations |
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Reticular formation (deep inside)-
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controls arousal, walking and sleeping
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Midbrain-
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in mammals, little more than a relay station
- coordinates signals between hindbrain and forebrain |
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– Thalamus
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critical relay station to the higher brain centers
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Pituitary Gland-
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part of the endocrine system
- connects to the hypothalamus - releases critical hormones |
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)- limbic system
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Hypothalamus
Amygdala Hippocampus |
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Hypothalamus
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- feeding, fighting, fleeing, and mating
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Amygdala
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- aggression, fear, emotion, laden memories
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Hippocampus
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memory formation, indexing
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Corpus Callosum
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- major pathway between sides of the brain
- connects comparable structures on each side - permits data received on one side to be processed in both hemispheres |
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Frontal Lobes
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speaking, muscle movements, making plans and judgements, impulse control
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Parietal Lobes
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Process body sensations
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Temporal Lobes
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o Hearing
o Complex visual processing (face recognition) Damage here can lead to face blindness |
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- Occipital Lobes
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o Visual info
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Projection Areas
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o Receiving stations for sensory information o Dispatch stations for motor commands o About 25% of cortex o Found in all lobes of the brain |
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- Somatosensory Cortex-
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Area at the front of the parietal lobes
o Registers and processes body sensations |
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Auditory cortex
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o Top of temporal lobe, processes auditory info
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- Visual Cortex
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o Back of occipital lobe, processes visual info
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- Association Areas
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o Located in cerebral cortex
o Involved in higher functions ( learning, remembering, thinking, speaking) |
