Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Psychotherapy |
…. The informed and intentionalapplication of clinical methods andinterpersonal interactions derived fromestablished psychological principles for thepurpose of assisting people to modifytheir behaviors, cognitions, emotionsand/or other personal characteristics indirections that the participants deemdesirable.” |
|
|
Nomothetic |
– Describes the study of classes or cohortsof individuals. Here the subject is seen as an exemplar of apopulation and their corresponding personality traits andbehaviors |
|
|
Idiographic |
Describes the study of the individual, who isseen as a unique agent with a unique life history, withproperties setting him/her apart from other individuals |
|
|
Stage 1: Development |
Need for Treatment Feasibility Face-validity |
|
|
Stage 2: Validation |
Efficacy – Does is work? Internal Validity |
|
|
Stage 3: Dissemination |
Effectiveness – Is it beneficial in daily life? External Validity |
|
|
Anecdotal |
Evidence derived from experience of therapist orclient, without systematic observation Testimonials Consumer reviews Some case studies |
|
|
Empirical |
Systematic, planned system ofobservation to quantify changes in therapy. |
|
|
Empirically support treatment |
Clearly specified psychological treatmentshown to be efficacious in controlled research with adelineated population |
|
|
Efficacy |
does the treatment produce change? we must be able to attribute any changethat happens to the treatment we gave. requires Randomized control trials |
|
|
Issues about EST |
(a) Has the treatmentbeen shown to be beneficial in controlled research? (b) Is the treatment useful in applied clinical settingsand, if so, with what patients and under what circumstances? (c) Is the treatment efficient in the sense of beingcost-effective relative to other alternative interventions? |
|
|
allegiance effects |
investigators commonly find themost effective treatment is the one to which they holda theoretical allegiance. |
|
|
Specificity |
Is there something unique about treatment X thatmakes it effective, or would any form of treatmentdo? Does the treatment work better than commonfactors? Does the treatment work better than just warmth andattention? |
|
|
Meta-analysis |
A method of aggregating findingsacross studies, taking into account different sample sizes *Combines the effects of many studies into a single “effect size”statistic to make conclusions about how large or small the effectof a treatment is. |
|
|
The "bird" effect |
ALl therapies work because of common factors |
|
|
Exposure and CBT |
For anxiety ( especially phobias and PTSD) |
