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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Schema- cognitive
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a collection of conceptsthat specifiy neccesary optional aspects of a particular situation
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Schema- piagets theory
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a mental structure that organizes perceptual input and connects it with the appropiate responses
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Object Permanence
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the understanding that objects(including people)continue to exist even when they can not be immediately perceived.
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Concrete operations
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In piaget's theory a (reversible) manipulation of the mental representation of perceived events and actions that corresponds to the actual physical manipulation
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Separation Anxiety
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Fear of being away from the primary caregiver.
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Social Pyschology
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The subfield of psychology that focuses on how people think about other people and interact in relationships and groups.
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Cognitive Dissonance
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the uncomfortable state that arises because of a discrepancy between and attitude and behavior or between two attitudes
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Attributions
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An explanation for the cause of an event or behaviors
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Fundamental Attribution Error
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The strong tendency to interpret other peoples behavior as due to internal (dispositional) causes rather than external (situational) ones
g-"General Factor" a single intellectual capacity that underlies the positive correlations amonmg different tests of intelligence |
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Norms
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A shared belief that is enforced through a group's use of penalties.
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Obedience
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compliance with an order
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Bystander Effect
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The decrease in offers of assistance that occurs as the numbers of bystanders increases
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Personality trait
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A relatively consistent characteristic exhibited in different situations
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ID
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A pyschic structure, proposed by Freud, that exists at birth and houses sexual and agressive drives and physical needs
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Defense Mechanisms
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An unconscious psychological means by which a person tries to prevent unacceptable thoughts or urges from reaching conscious awareness
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creating explanations to justify threatening thoughts or actions
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rationalization
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Threataning impulses are directed into more socially accepatable activities
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Sublimation
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Entrenched false beliefs that are often bizarre
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Delusions
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A mood disorder marked by one or more manic episodes, often alternating with periods of depression
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Bipolar Disorder
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a disorder whoe hall mark is excessive anxiety and worry that is not consistently related to a specific object or situation
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Generalized anxiety disorder
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A fear and avoidance of an object or situation extreme enough to interfere with everyday life
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Phobia
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A repetitive behavior or mental act that an individual feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession
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Compulsions
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an eating disorder characterized by the refusal to maintain even a low normal weight, and an intense fear of gaining weight
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Anorexia Nervosa
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In piaget's theory, the process that allows use of existin schemas to take in new sets of stimuli and respond accordingly
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Assimilation
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The piagetian principle that certain properties of objects, such as amount or mass, remain the same even when there apperance changes,provided that nothing is added or removed
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Conservation
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in Piaget's theory, a mental act that can be formed (and reversed) even with an abstract concept
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Formal Operations
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The beliefs, desires, values, and attributes, that define a person to himself or herself
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Self-Concept
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the area of social psychology that focuses on how people perceieve there social worlds and how they attend to, store, remember, and use info about other people and the social world
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Social Cognition
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A belief (or set of beliefs) about people in a particualr social category
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Stereotype
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An explanation of someones behavior that focuses on the situation; also called situational attribution
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External Attributions
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