Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
somatoform and dissociative disorders
commonalities |
both considered response to stress/ trauma
way of coping w/ chronic stress/trauma both have symptoms that appear to be medical, but are psychologically based |
|
|
|
somatoform disorder definition
|
appear to be medical, psychologicall disorders masquerading as medical disorders
ex. having disyness and can't feel hand ,but no medical cause |
|
|
|
dissociative disorders definition
|
feature major losses/changes i memory/identity w/ no physical causes
|
|
|
|
somatoform disorders
types |
hysterical
preoccupation do not consciously want/purposely produce their symptoms |
|
|
|
what are hysterical somatoform disorders
|
suffer actual changes in physical functioning
-hard to distinguish from real medical probs -could have undetected organic cause -rely on oddities i medical presentation 3 hysterical somatoform disorders: conversion disorder somatization disorder pain disorder associated w/ psychological factors |
aspects of hysterical somatoform disorders?
3 types listed in DSM |
|
|
conversion disorder symptoms
|
voluntary motor or sensory function deficits
initiation/exacerbation of deficit preceded by psychosocial stressor not intentionally produced (doesn't seem to mind having serious med prob) sometimes medical prob solved and persons' symptoms still continue |
|
|
|
somatization disorder symptoms
|
many physical complaints b4 30
-4 pain symptoms -2 gastrointestinal symptoms -1 sexual symptom -1 pseudoneurological symptom -go from doctor to doctor, describe in dramatic exaggerated terms |
|
|
|
pain disorder assoc w/ psychological factors symptoms
|
pain predominant focus of clinical presentation
-psychologicla factors judged to have role in onset, severity, exacerbation/maintenance of pain -often dev. after accident/illnes that has caused genuine pain |
|
|
|
are they intentionally faking it?
malingering factious disorder |
la belle indifferencre: intentional prod of false/grossly exaggerated pshycial/psychological symptoms (motivated by external incentives)
-intentional prod of physcial/psycholgocal signs/symptoms, motivated to be in sick role (external incentives absent) |
|
|
|
factitious disorders cont.
|
munchausen syndrome: extreme/chronic form of factitious disorder
munchausen syndrom by proxy: care taker makes up /produces physical illness in person |
|
|
|
what are preoccupation somatoform disorders?
|
hypochondriasis
body dysmorphic disorder |
2 listed in DSM
|
|
|
hypochondriasis
|
focus on having physical prob
-fears of having serious disease (ache in body/assumes worst case scenario) misinterp of bodily symptoms -least 6 months not uncommon to be comorbid w/ GAD/other anxiety disorders |
|
|
|
body dysmorphic disorder BDD
|
preoccupation w/ imagined defect in appearance/excessive concern about slight physical anomoly
-see themselves in way that is not true to reality (usually go through great lengths to "fix") can be seen in eating disorders |
|
|
|
what causes somatoform disorders?
psychodynamic view |
primary gain: psy. experience kept out of indivuals conscious awareness-person experices physical discomfrot instead of psychological discomfort
secondary gain: symptoms enable pppl to avoid unpleasant activities/receive positive things from others |
2 mechanisms @ work
|
|
|
what causes somatoform disorders?
behavioral view |
rewards primary cause (by others and internally not having to deal w/ psychological probs)
|
|
|
|
what causes somatoform disorders?
cognitive view |
emotions being converted into physical symptoms: instead of communicating probs psychologically, communicate it by having medical probs (wrong type of communication)
|
|
|
|
what causes somatoform disorders?
biological view |
traumatic events and related concerns may trigger certain chemicals to be released
|
|
|
|
how are somatoform disorders treated?
preoccupation disorders |
treated similar to anxiety disorders
-exposure/response prevention -antidepressant meds: SSRI ERF for hypochondriasis: expose person to worst fear (death) or work on confronting disease and see it is not based on reality |
|
|
|
how are somatoform disorders treated?
hysterical disorders |
treated w /approaches that emphasize:
insight (identification of prob) suggestion reinforcement confrontation |
|
|
|
dissociative disorders
|
memory loss w/ no physical cause
psychological separation depersonalization disorder dissociative amnesia dissociative fugue dissociative identity disorder associated w/ PTSD-coping w/ overwhelming trauma by dissociating psychologically |
what do they include
|
|
|
depersonalization disorder
|
does not involve mem. loss
persisten/recurrent exp. of feelings detached from one's mental process/body -reality testing remains intact (oriented X3) |
|
|
|
dissociative amnesia
|
inability to recall personal info
-mem loss much more extensive than normal forgetting not caused by organic factors (often by specific, upsetting event) |
|
|
|
dissociative fugue
|
dissociative amnesia + travel: semantic memory remains intact
sudden,unespected travel away from home inability to recal one's past confusion about personal identity/assumptoin of new identity |
|
|
|
dissociative amnesia/fugue
types of memory loss |
memory loss
retrograde amnesia: partial/total inability to recall previously acquired info anterograde: inability to obtain new info (remains intact w/ diss. amnesia) interferes primarily w/ episodic memory (autobiographical) |
|
|
|
DID
3 types |
2+ personalities inhabiting person
recurrently take control of person's behavior 1. 2 way amnesic relation (mutually amnesient): identities dont know about eachother when either one comes out) 2. mutually cognizent: both identities well aware of eachother (no mem. loss when other identity out) 3. 1-way amnesic relationship: occurs when some identities aware of others, but awareness not mutual |
|
|
|
how do subpersonalities differ?
|
vital stats: age, background, where form, etc.
abilites/preferences: vary among identies psysiological response: have diff allergies, baseline HR, BP etc. |
|
|
|
how do theorists explain DID?
sociocognitive theory |
Iatrogenesis: don't want to suggest person during therapy!
self hypnosis: hypnotic amnesia (dissociation=self hypnosis (they suggest diff personalities to cope w/ prob) state dependent learning: each identity tied (through classical cond) to part. state of arousal emotional-behavioral-phyusiological exp. tied to each other |
|
|
|
how are dissociative disorders treated?
how to help indiv w/ dissociative amnesia + fugue? |
psychodynamic therapists: decrease anxiety/inhibition in order to bring memories forth in treatment
hypnotic therapy: gain info about basic facts, etc. through relaxation/suggestion intravenous injections of barbiturates: "anxiety serum" to brin ganxiety down to be able to interview patient |
intravenous injections of barbiturates
hypnotic therapy psychodynamic therapists |
|
|
how are dissociative disorders treated?
how to help indiv w/ DID |
recognizing the disorder (w/o adding new identities)
recoving memories integrating the subpersonalities |
|
