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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social influence definition
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Influence or effects of the real or imagined presence of others has on us
Peer pressure, following orders, fashion trends Conformity: changing thoughts and behaviors to fit group norms (nobody is asking you to do anything, but you are changing based on what other people doing) |
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Social influence is a function of what three things
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Strength of source
The person or thing that is trying to influence you Relationship, status, ability…someone you like a lot or fear a lot, will influence ABCs more…high over low with status and ability too Immediacy of source In person or far away Physical immediacy..how physically close are you Time also matters Number of sources More sources, more influential up to a point |
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Conformity definition
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Tendency to change feelings, behaviors, or thoughts in ways that are consistent with group norms
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Sherif's autokinetic effect experiment
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Light that looks like is moving..just perceptual…brought in these people to look at light for 5 days..supposed to estimate how far it moved..but not actually moved
Range large of how the light moved by themselves They looked at same light in a group (estimate distance)..group of 3 people everyday..made own assesments..over time, estimates started to move towards a group norm…extreme people converged at 2.5 inches..on day 5, alone again to make estimates (around 2.5 inches)..he was not just doing it to match norm, but he actually changed his belief INFORMATIONAL INFLUENCE: WE CONFORM BECAUSE WE THINK OTHER PEOPLE HAVE MORE INFORMATION THAN WE DO..we want to be correct, and in ambiguous situation, we look to other people..THIS LEADS TO PRIVATE ACCEPTANCE, WHICH IS GENUINE CHANGE, INTERNALIZING THE NEW GROUP NORM..ACTUALLY BELIEVE IT TO BE CORRECT..MOST LIKELY WHEN SITUATION AMBIGUOUS (moving light with no correct answer), DIFFICULT TASK, CRISIS SITUATIONS, OTHER PEOPLE EXPERTS |
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Asch's line judging experiment
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Conformity in judgments of line lengths
9/16 succumbed to pressure Why did they conform? Made you feel more comfortable, part of group..diffuse the tension, not look like a fool Driven by normative influence…makes us conform because we want to fit in and not be different/appear deviant Informative is to be correct, normative is to fit in (their desire to fit in overrode their desire to be correct)….public acceptance! Only change behavior on the surface, not really think that you are wrong..but say to fit in (textbook uses public compliance, but that really isnt the same thing) Two types of conformity yield different attitude changes.one is long lasting and the other is superficial |
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Informational influence leads to
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private acceptance
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Normative influence leads to
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public acceptance
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4 factors that affect conformity
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Group size
The more people that are engaging in a behavior, the more likely you are to conform..only up to a point..after about 3-4 people, the subsequent increase tends to drop off..3-4 people is about the same as 50 people Allies in dissent In Asch study…the presence of one other person who bucks the group norm, makes you much less likely to conform…one person who said “I think its line 3, reduced conformity by 80%”..doesnt have to match your opinion, but just has to be different Individual differences Age Teenagers conform! Sex Women conform more, only in public situations …INTERDEPENDENT ALSO MORE LIKELY TO CONFORM..BUT VIEWED POSITIVELY Awareness of norms This is eseential..have to know that a norm exists to conform |
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Schultz reading
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Research questions?
Boomerang effect People change their behavior to match norms..and when it is a bad behavior If we can tell you that less people spend less energy in house, and reduce, then that is great Effect: I am already losing less energy than everyone else, then maybe I should use more Want overspenders to reduce without underspenders to do more 3 hypotheses about effects of… H1: Descriptive norm on high users Descriptive norm (norm about what most people doing) H2: Descriptive norm on low users What would do to people who are less than average..will move to the mean H3: Descriptive + injunctive norm on low users Injuctive (presence or absence of happy face)..adding in this injuctive norm to prevent low users to move towards the mean…injuctive norm is what people approve or disapprove of What did they find? (take a look at graphs) |
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Minority influence stuff
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When can a minority opinion change the majority’s mind?
Consistent Not self-interested Motivated to understand Agree with majority? Public acceptance Agree with minority? Private acceptance When does the minority opinion actually change the opinion of the other people in the group? It has to be consistent (no flip flopping or wavering to convince people) It will be less convincing if the person benefits from the minority opinion..need to act like you just want to understand the facts and opinions |
