Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the central thesis of cognitive science? |
The Central Thesis of Cognitive Science is that thinking is like computation. |
|
|
What is a paradigm according to Kuhn? |
• It tells researchers what sorts of phenomena to investigate (and what sort to ignore), • It tells them what sorts of theories to test (and what sort not to test), and • It tells them how to perform the tests (and how not to). |
|
|
According to Thomas Kuhn's paradigm, how does the central thesis act as a paradigm for cognitive science? |
• It tells researchers to investigate intelligent behaviours. • It tells them to theorize about mental representations and procedures. • It tells them to test theories using computational models, experiments, etc. |
|
|
What does it mean that intelligence is knowledge intensive? |
intelligence is knowledge-intensive: you need lots of knowledge to be intelligent, and the more knowledge you have, the more intelligent your behaviour will be |
|
|
What is a mental representation? |
A set of statements about the scene in the mind of the observer could thus be considered a mental representation of that scene. |
|
|
What are mental representations and procedures? |
mental representations and procedures as ways in which knowledge is packaged and applied in our minds |
|
|
What is a theory? |
a model or explanation for how it is that people act intelligently in a given situation |
|
|
what is cognitive modeling? |
The operation of the computer program models or imitates the course of human thinking. |
|
|
What is CRUM? |
central thesis of cognitive science, Computational Representational Understanding of Mind |
|
|
As a paradigm CRUM implies several assumptions about the nature of intelligence and how to explain it. What are they?
|
• Intelligence is knowledge-intensive, • Intelligence is produced by mental representations and procedures, and • Theories about intelligence may be tested in various ways, especially by computational models. |
|
|
What is essential for the continued acceptance of CRUM as a picture of how human intelligence works? |
• good record of success • good prospects for future success, • performance superior to other paradigms are |
|
|
What question does psychology answer? |
How does a mind give rise to thinking? (psychology) |
|
|
What question does epistemology answer? |
What do you know and how do you know it? (epistemology) |
|
|
What question does metaphysics answer? |
What kind of thing is a mind? (metaphysics) |
|
|
What where Plato's answers to cognitive questions? |
• Knowledge is the grasp of true ideas (extrasomatic) and is obtained by the mind in a disembodied state. • A mind is collection of physical (hydraulic) and non-physical (immortal) organs. • Physical thinking is the interaction among mental organs via pressures and ratios of organic fluids. |
|
|
How does Locke model the mind? |
• Knowledge is a set of general and tentative propositions gathered from sensory experience. • A mind is like a sheet of white paper onto which ideas are written by experience. • Thinking is a process of reflection in which ideas are abstracted from sensations. |
|
|
Who was the advocate of tabula rasa? |
Locke, the pen and paper analogy |
|
|
How did Wiener model the brain? |
• Knowledge is the information used to make predictions about futures states of the environment. • A mind is a set of feedback mechanisms connecting a body's sensory and motor apparatus. • Thinking is the adaptation of future conduct based on evaluation of past performance. |
|
|
Who was an advocate of cybernetics? |
Wiener |
|
|
Which school of psychology models the brain as a telephone network? |
Behaviourism, skinnerism |
