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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Self-esteem
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The global evaluative dimension of the self. Aslo talked about as self-worth or self-image
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Self-concept
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Domain-specific evaluations of the self
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Self-efficacy
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The belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes
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What is one of the most important aspects of the self in middle and late childhood?
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The increased capacity for self-regulation
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What is Erik Erikson's stage for middle childhood?
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Industry vs. Inferiority
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What contributes to a child's sense of industry?
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Family and social settings such as school
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What emotional developmental changes occur during middle and late childhood?
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- improved emotional understanding
- increased understanding that more than one emotion can be experienced in a particular situation - increased tendency to be aware of the events leading to emotional regulation - ability to suppress or conceal negative emotional reactions - the use of self-initiated strategies for redirecting feelings - a capacity for genuine empathy |
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At what age are most children able to cope with stress?
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By 10 years of age
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What are Kohlberg's three levels of moral development?
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Preconventional - no internalization - moral thinking is tied to punishment
Conventional - intermediate internalization Postconventional - full internalization |
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Who argues that Kohlberg's theory has gender bias and proposes the Care Perspective
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Carol Gilligan
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What is the care perspective?
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Moral perspective which views people in terms of their connectedness with others and emphasizes interpersonal communication, relationships with others and concern for others
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What does the Domain Theory of Moral development state?
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there are different domains of social knowledge and reasoning, including moral, social, conventional, and personal domains
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What is the justice perspective?
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A moral perspective that focuses on the rights of the individual and in which individuals independently make moral decisions
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What are the three components of a moral personality?
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- moral identity - moral notions and moral commitments are central to their lives
- moral character - has the willpower, desire and integrity to stand up to pressure and overcome distractions/disappointments - moral exemplars - people who lived exemplary moral lives |
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Gender stereotypes
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broad categories that reflect our impressions and beliefs about females and males
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What are the five different peer statuses?
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-popular children
-average children -neglected children -rejected children -controversial children |
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What are the six functions friendship can serve in childhood?
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-companionship
-stimulation -physical support -ego support -social comparison -affection and intimacy = characterized by self disclosure and sharing private thoughts |
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Constructivist approach to learning
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is a learner-centered approach that emphasizes the importance of individuals actively constructing their knowledge and understanding with guidance from a teacher
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Direct instruction approach to learning
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is a structured, teacher-centered approach that is characterized by teacher direction and control, high teacher expectations for students progress
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