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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
previous beliefs of intelligence |
-intelligence peaked during adolescence and then declined |
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even at age 36 |
intellect still improving |
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definition of intelligence |
-depends on culture -ability to solve problems -ability to adapt & learn from experience -creativity & interpersonal skills determine intelligence -can't be measured exactly (even with IQ tests) -no universal definition |
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testing |
-measure for individual diff. -controversial -argued IQ testing not truly indicative of intelligence -tests are only tools |
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Stamford-Binet |
-most popular IQ test -considers age & what they should know at that age -mental age |
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mental age |
-persons level of mental development in comparison to another person -should correspond with chronological age |
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Wechsler Scale |
-test verbal & performance skills |
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Kaufman Assessment Batter |
for children |
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Bailley's |
-for infants -2 months --> 2.5 yrs -motor skills development more than mental |
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Misuse of Intelligence Testing |
-if not used properly, child can be placed in wrong class, and fall behind & feel stupid -self-prophecy theory |
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reliability |
gets expected results
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valid
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tests what they're suppose to |
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disabilities |
ADD, ADHD, dyslexia |
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Intelligence |
-crystallized -fluid |
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crystallized |
-accumulation of food, memory, and knowledge -over the lifetime, expands -education & experience -large vocab -skills & strategies to solve problems |
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fluid |
-abstract thinking -speed of processing -good with Jeopardy -declines in adulthood (w/ speed) -because gradual accumulation of irreversible brain damage structure |
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different among people |
-NOT universal -age doesn't always determine |
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fraction of people in 70 yr old score higher in fluid intelligence compared to average young adults |
1/3 |
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measure/test crystallized intelligence |
-ex. bathroom, wedding, boxing Rings -Magna Carta -England 12 |
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Fluid Intelligence Test |
ex. B D A C Z B Y A |
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Gardner |
-intelligence testing too narrow -people have multiple intelligence, each separate -8 Intelligence -have ALL 8 to VARIOUS degrees -argument; when looking at brain damage, we loose some intelligence, but not others |
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8 Intelligence |
1. spacial 2. intra-personal 3. inter-personal 4. logical math 5. linguistic 6. musical 7. body kinestetic 8. naturalistic |
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Golman |
-Emotional Intelligence -takes intra & interpersonal skills and practical skills into account -how we read others & our emotions -make good managers & bosses *preserve, adapt, and facilitate* |
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Factors Influencing IQ |
-genes -environment -socio-economic |
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genes |
-study twins -Jenson |
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Jenson |
-identical twins had similar IQ scores even more than fraternal twins -even when identical twins were separated -adopted kids show closer IQ to biological parents that adoptive |
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Environment |
-orphans -how they were raised played role in IQ -Romania |
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Romania |
-2 groups (foster care early v. orphanage) -kids raised in orphanage had abnormally low IQ scores compared to foster -foster still low, but not a low |
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Romania IQ's |
-orphanage: 73 -retarded: 70 -foster: low 80's IQ -biological: 109 |