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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
psychology, accepted definition
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The scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.
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hypothesis
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A prediction, inference based on past or similar experiments.
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Social Cognitive Neuroscience
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a hybrid of different areas of study within psychology.
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Levels of Analysis
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- Neuron
- Brain Structure - Individual (whole person) - Social Interaction - Group Behavior - Communities & Culture |
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Wundt (1832-1920)
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Q: color/perception/true/false
M: reaction-time tests & introspection ** Structuralism |
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Scientific Method
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Hypothesis --> Evidence / Available Facts --> Confirm/Disconfirm Hypothesis --> Re-test Hypothesis --> Modify/Reject Hypothesis --> (again)
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5 Areas of Psychology
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1) Biological / Neuroscience (brain structure)
2) Cognitive (derive significance, interpret reality) 3) Developmental (age, before/after) 4) Social (social context) 5) Personality/Clinical (differences between people) |
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William James (1842-1910)
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Q: why mental processes are stressful
M: "armchair" observation / introspection ** Functionalism |
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Systematic Empiricism
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What keeps psychologists unified.
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Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
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Q: How does the unconscious affect behavior?
M: case studies of psychoanalysis ** Psychodynamic |
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John Watson (1878-1958)
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Q: How do we learn?
M: observe behavior & lab experimentation ** Behaviorism |
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Humanistic
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Q: How can we help people self-actualize?
M: Phenomenology (understand individual experiences) ** Psychoanalytic & Behavior |
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Cognitive (1960s-1970s)
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Q: How do mental processes work?
M: Experiments |
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Affective (1980s)
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Q: How do emotions work
M: Experiments, observation of behavior & psychology ** People are more than machines! |