Psyc4 Final

Front 1

Preparedness

Back 1

This is the term alluding to the biological disposition for an organism to respond a certain way to a stimulus

Front 2

Species-Specific Defense Reaction

Back 2

This is the way in which certain animals respond to aversive stimuli (birds fly away, humans and rats freeze up)

Front 3

Instinctive Drift

Back 3

This is when an innate animal behavior displaces a conditioned response

Hint 3

EX: Racoons learned to put pennies in a penny bank, & the reward was food. Therefore, it associated the coin with food and started cleaning the coin (as it would do to food)

Front 4

Sign Tracking

Back 4

This is when an organism tends to approach a pleasant conditioned stimulus that it has associated with something it desires

Hint 4

EX: Light is associated with food, therefore dog licks light

Front 5

Adjunctive Behavior

Back 5

This is when a seemingly contingent behavior is increased in frequency due to FT or FI schedules

Hint 5

EX: rats drinking excessive amounts of water on such food schedules

Front 6

Displacement Activity

Back 6

This is something often performed when an organism has to decide between two highly desired choices or when denied a single highly desirable action

Hint 6

EX: pigeons will peck at the ground, humans will scratch their head

Front 7

Activity Anorexia

Back 7

This refers to high activity in response to restriction of food intake

Front 8

1 in 50 children

Back 8

This is the portion of children who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder

Front 9

5 times

Back 9

This describes the multiplier with which boys are likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder than girls

Front 10

Nonverbal, Peer Relationships Spontaneous Sharing, Social Reciprocity

Back 10

The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder includes that at least 2 of the following social deficiencies apply

Front 11

Delay in Language Development, Initiating or Maintaining Conversation, Repetitive Use of Language, Lack of Imaginative Play

Back 11

The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder includes that at least 1 of the following behavioral deficiencies apply

Front 12

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

Back 12

In behavioral theory, this is the stimulus that elicits the child's behavior, the response by the child, and what maintains the behavior, respectively

Front 13

Prompt

Back 13

After an antecedent or initial behavior, one can use these to push the child towards the desired behavior

Front 14

Pivotal Response Training

Back 14

This seeks to improve motivation and ability to respond to multiple cues, which in turn is believed to improve other behaviors in turn

Front 15

Physical Cognition

Back 15

This is the processing of useful information for the exploitation of tools

Front 16

Social Cognition

Back 16

This is the processing of social information pertaining to other members of a community

Front 17

Social Learning

Back 17

This is when an animal learns a behavior or information about a stimulus by watching another animal

Front 18

Demonstrator

Back 18

In social learning, this is the animal originally performing a behavior

Front 19

Observor

Back 19

In social learning, this is the animal watching a behavior and later reproducing all or part of it

Front 20

Imitation

Back 20

This is the copying of a demonstrator's response when it leads to a reward

Front 21

Overimitation

Back 21

This is the copying of excess steps a demonstrator takes in acquiring a reward

Front 22

Chimpanzees

Back 22

These tend to imitate only necessary steps in acquiring a reward such as food

Front 23

Human Children

Back 23

These tend to overimitate unnecessary steps in acquiring a reward such as food

Front 24

Teaching

Back 24

This is when a demonstrator deliberately modifies its behavior in the presence of a naive animal at a cost or with no immediate benefit to itself in order to help the animal learn faster

Front 25

Mimicry

Back 25

This is the copying of a demonstrator's response when it doesn't lead to any obvious or immediate reward