Psyc3020- Organisation/forensic Psycology

Front 1

Positivist School of Criminology

Back 1

- emphasises factors determine criminal behaviour
- punishment should fit the criminal rather than the crime
- scientific method and analysis of empirical method

Front 2

Lombroso believed criminals were _______human beings throw-backs to earlier stage of evolution who were not ________for successful life in the modern world.

Back 2

atavistic/ sufficiently advanced mentally

Front 3

Sociological structural explanation of crime

Back 3

- people have similar interests and motivations, but differ dramatically in opportunities
- dysfunctional social arrangement and differetial opportunity

Front 4

Men with biological parents who had criminal records were _____times more likely to be criminals that those with non-criminal biological parents ; and _____ times as likely as adoptees (whose biological parents were not criminials)

Back 4

4/2

Front 5

Adoptee who had both biological and adoptive criminal parents were _____times more likely to be criminal than those with no criminality.

Back 5

14

Front 6

a weak _____ and _____ that cannot restrain and anti-social instincts of the _____. A means of obtaining substitute gratification of basic need that have not been satisfied

Back 6

ego/superego/id

Front 7

According to Eysenck, criminals show _____ levels pf all of 3 traits.

Back 7

high

Front 8

What are the psychological theories associated with crime

Back 8

- antisocial personality disorder
- psychopathy

Front 9

Control Theory of crime

Back 9

- people will behave antisocially unless they learn, through a combination of inner controls, and external constraints on behaviour
- if external containment weakens, than control of crime must depend on internal restraint

Front 10

Social- labelling theory of crime

Back 10

- stigma of being branded a deviant can create a "self-fulfilling prophecy"
- that is a prediction that come true because it has been made.

Front 11

Who are the victims of crime

Back 11

- urban areas
- property offence: young professionals
- personal victimisation: age(16-24), single,low household income, unemplyed, full time studnet, active evening life, high alcohol consumption

Front 12

The Fundamental Attribution Error

Back 12

from a observer point of view, to underestimate the impact of the situation, and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Front 13

Just -World Hypothesis

Back 13

the belief that world is fair that people get what they deserve

Front 14

Secondary Victimisation

Back 14

- lack of knowledge about the criminal justice system
-trial delays resulted frequent travel, time wasted
- fear of the defendant
-trauma of testifying & cross-examination
- Media

Front 15

restitution

Back 15

judge orders defendant to compensate victim for losses

Front 16

Victim Impact evidence

Back 16

One purpose of the statement is to allow the person or persons most directly affected by the crime to address the court during the decision making proces

Front 17

social contagion of memory / memory conformity

Back 17

report misinformation that was previously state y a co-witness during:\ discussion

Front 18

Paterson, Kemp & McIntyre: for misled items, misled participants are _____ accurate than other conidtions.
for neutral items. misled participants are _____ accurate than other conditions.

Misled partcipant reported more accurate ________
and more ________.
Warning had NO effect on the recognition

Back 18

less, more
propositions
misinformation

Front 19

estimate of ___to___ % of police acts breaches of ethics

Back 19

13-28

Front 20

Hawthorne Effect

Back 20

the work productivity was increased by the attention paid to workers

Front 21

Job Analysis
Job description
Job sepcification

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-a procedure for determining the duties and skills required for the job
- a list of what the job ential
- a list of a job's human requirements

Front 22

Selection Ratio

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job vacancies : Number of applicants

Front 23

Telegraphhing

Back 23

the questions asked are very suggestive and indicating what is the right answer

Front 24

Germane Load

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useful load that can be added when the learning task has low intrinsic load

Front 25

methods of Training Evaluation (pons& cons)

- pre-post design with no comparison group
- pre -post design with comparison group
- post-test only design with a comparison group
- pre-post design with no equivalent control group

Back 25

- pro: max sample size, no delaying training problem
con: no way determine factors are due to training or other factor (i.e. testing effect)
-pro: can determine the real effecting factros
con: delaying
- pro: useful when pre-training is suspected of interacting with training
con: experimental groups and control groups my not be the same before manipultion
- pro: less chance for control & experimental groups o mix and communicate
con: confounds from unknown difference between groups

Front 26

social comparison

Back 26

individual may lean and mover furter in the direction that majority choose because they seek acceptance

Front 27

Group Think and conditions fro group thinking

Back 27

decision making in which maintaining group cohesiveness and solidarity rather than considering the realistic facts
- groups under stress
- directive leader
- illusion of unanimity