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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adolescence
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The developmental stage between childhood and adulthood
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Physical development
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Examines how brain, nervous system, muscles, sensory capabilities, and needs for food, drink, and sleep affect behavior
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Cognitive development
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Examines intellectual abilities, including learning, memory,problem solving, and intelligence
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Personality and social development
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Examines enduring characteristics that differentiate one person from another and how interactions with others and social relationships grow and change over the life span
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Storm and stress
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G. Stanley Hall
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Longitudinal research
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Research In which the behavior of participants is measured as they age
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Crosss-sectional research
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Research in which adolescents of different ages are compared at the same point in time
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Sequential studies
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Research of a number of age groups at several points in time
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Cognitive perspective
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The approach that focuses on the processes that allow people to know, understand, and think about the world
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Sociocultural theory
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The approach that emphasizes how cognitive development proceeds as a result of social interactions between members of a culture
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Evolutionary perspective
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The approach that seeks to identify behavior that is the result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors
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Psychoanalytic theory
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The theory proposed by Freud that suggests that unconscious forces act to determine personality and behavior
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Contextual perspective
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Te approach that considers the relationship between individuals and their physical, cognitive, personality, and social worlds
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Cohort
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A group of people born around the same time in the same place
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Continuous change
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Gadual development in which achievements at one level build on those of previous levels
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Discontinous change
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Development that occurs in distinct steps or stages,with each stage bringing about behavior that is assumed to be qualitiviely different from behavior at earlier stages
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Maturaton
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The predetermined unfolding of genetic information
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Hormones
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Chemicals that circulate through the blood and affect the functioning or growth of other parts of the body
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Androgens
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The male hormones
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Estrogens
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The female hormones
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Parts of the neuron
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Dendrites
Cell body Axon Myelin sheath Terminal buttons |
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Piaget stages
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Sensormotor birth-2
Pre operational 2-7 Concrete operational 7-12 Formal operational 12-adulthood |
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Sensormotor
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Birth-2
Object permanence |
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Preoperational
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2-7
Language and symbolic thinking |
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Concrete operational
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7-12
Quantity is unrelated to physical appearance Concept of reversabiity |
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Formal operational
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12-adulthood
Logical and abstract thinking |
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Metacognition
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The knowledge that people have about their own thinking processes and their ability to monitor cognition
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Zone of proximal development
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According to vygotsky, the level at which a child can almost, but not fully, comprehend or perform a task without assistance
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Scaffolding
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The support for learning and problem solving thy encourages independence and growth
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Achievement test
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What you know
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Aptitude test
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What you are capable of knowing
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Adolescent egocentrism
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A state of self-absorption in which the world is viewed from one's own point of view
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Personal fable
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The view held by seem adolescents that what happens to them is unique, exceptional, and shared by no one else
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Psychodynamic approach to personality
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The approach to the study of development that states behavior is shaped by inner forces and conflicts about which adolescents have little awareness or control
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Stereotypes
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A set of beliefs and expectations about members of a group that are held simply because of their membship in the group
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Gender schema
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A mental framework that organizes information relevant to gender
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