Psy Test 2

Front 1

developmental psychology

Back 1

study of people across a life span

Front 2

socialization

Back 2

the processes by which children learn the behaviors, attitudes, and expectations required of them by their society or culture

Front 3

maturation

Back 3

the sequential unfolding of genetically influenced behavior and characteristics

Front 4

germinal, embryonic, fetal stages

Back 4

germinal - begins at fertilization, sperm unites with ovum
embryonic - 2 weeks to 8 weeks
fetal - the rest of the pregnacy where the baby grows

Front 5

zygote

Back 5

the fertilized single-celled egg

Front 6

fetus

Back 6

the baby inside the womb before it is born

Front 7

fetal alcohol syndrome

Back 7

low birth weight, a smaller brain, facial deformities, lack of coordination, and mental retardation

Front 8

motor reflexes

Back 8

automatic behaviors that are necessary for survival

Front 9

contact comfort

Back 9

in primates, the innate pleasure derived from close physical contact; it is the basis of the infant's first attachment

Front 10

separation anxiety

Back 10

the distress most children develop, at about 6 to 8 months of age, when their primary caregivers temporarily leave them with strangers

Front 11

Strange Situation

Back 11

experiment to see the reaction of the baby when if played with its mother, a stranger, and alone

Front 12

secure, avoidant, and anxious-ambivalent attachment

Back 12

secure - baby cries when parent leaves, but then goes back to playing when they come back
avoidant - not caring if the mother is there or not
anxious-ambivalent - resisting contact with mother at reunion, but not happy when she leaves

Front 13

language

Back 13

a system that combines meaningless elements such as sounds or gestures to form structured utterances that convey meaning

Front 14

"parentese"

Back 14

adult use of baby talk

Front 15

telegraphic speech

Back 15

a child's first word combinations, which omit unnecessary words

Front 16

surface structure

Back 16

the way the sentence is actually spoken or signed

Front 17

syntax

Back 17

grammatical rules

Front 18

deep structure

Back 18

how the sentence is to be understood

Front 19

universal grammar

Back 19

a child's brain is sensitive to the core features common to all languages

Front 20

overregularizations

Back 20

a baby's version of a sentence like "goed" and "heared"

Front 21

Jean Piaget

Back 21

Swiss psychologist (1896-1980)

Front 22

assimilation

Back 22

ex. German shepherds and terriers are both in the "category" dogs

Front 23

accomodation

Back 23

ex. cats are not in the "category" dogs

Front 24

sensorimotor stage

Back 24

infant learns through concrete actions

Front 25

object permanence

Back 25

the understanding, which develops throughout the first year, that an object continues to exist even when you cannot see it or touch it

Front 26

preoperational stage

Back 26

the child's use of symbols and language accelerates

Front 27

mental operations

Back 27

a train of thought that can be run backward or forward

Front 28

egocentric thinking

Back 28

children see the world only from their own frame of reference and cannot imagine that others see things differently

Front 29

conservation

Back 29

the understanding that the physical properties of objects - such as the number of items in a cluster or the amount of liquid in a glass - can remain the same even when their form or appearance changes

Front 30

concrete operations stage

Back 30

children increasingly become able to take other people's perspectives and they make fewer logical errors