Psy Exam 4

Front 1

emotion

Back 1

a response of the whole organism (physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, conscious experience)

Front 2

James-Lange theory

Back 2

emotional experience stems from the physiological sensations that are triggered by emotion-arousing stimuli (emotions are your awareness of a biological response)

Front 3

Cannon-Bard theory

Back 3

emotion-arousing stimuli simultaneously trigger physiological responses and emotional experiences (emotion and physiological response occur at the same time)

Front 4

Schacter’s Two-Factor Theory

Back 4

• To experience emotion, one must
o Be physiologically aroused
o Cognitively label the arousal

Front 5

spillover

Back 5

arousal can fuel emotion which can lead to increased emotion/action

Front 6

catharsis

Back 6

emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that “releasing” aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges

Front 7

feel good, do good phenomenon

Back 7

people’s tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood

Front 8

an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Back 8

personality

Front 9

to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware.

Back 9

unconscious

Front 10

a reservoir of unconscious contains psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives.

Back 10

id

Front 11

the largely conscious, “executive” part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality.

Back 11

ego

Front 12

the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscious) and for future aspirations

Back 12

superego

Front 13

according to Freud, a boy’s sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father

Back 13

oedipus complex

Front 14

in psychoanalytic theory, the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Back 14

defense mechanisms

Front 15

: psychoanalytic defense mechanism in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains fixated

Back 15

regression

Front 16

in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings and memories from consciousness

Back 16

repression

Front 17

: psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others.

Back 17

projection

Front 18

psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses towards a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet.

Back 18

displacement

Front 19

the motivation to fulfill one’s potential

Back 19

self-actualization

Front 20

characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act (stable, heritable, exist across cultures)

Back 20

traits

Front 21

the interacting influences between personality and environmental factors

Back 21

reciprocal determinism

Front 22

the perception that one controls one’s own fate

Back 22

internal locus of control

Front 23

the perception that chance or outside forces beyond one’s personal control determine one’s fate

Back 23

external locus of control

Front 24

the study of how biological, psychological, and social-culture factors interact to produce specific psychological disorders.

Back 24

biopsychosocial perspective

Front 25

false beliefs that may accompany psychotic disorder

Back 25

delusions

Front 26

belief that one has special or superhuman abilities; abilities that others do not have; or the belief that one has a special or important mission

Back 26

delusions of grandeur

Front 27

belief that one is being targeted or oppressed by others

Back 27

delusions of persecution

Front 28

sensory experiences without sensory stimulation

Back 28

hallucinations

Front 29

stuff that’s there that shouldn’t be. Includes delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior

Back 29

positive symptoms

Front 30

stuff that’s NOT there that should be. Includes toneless voices, expressionless faces, or mute and rigid bodies

Back 30

negative symptoms

Front 31

the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition), a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. Presently distributed in an updated “text revision” (DSM –IV-TR)

Back 31

DSM-IV

Front 32

a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

Back 32

major depressive disorder

Front 33

a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.

Back 33

mania

Front 34

a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania (formerly called manic-depressive disorder)

Back 34

bipolar disorder

Front 35

short, unexpected burst of intense fear or discomfort, in the absence of real danger.

Back 35

panic attack

Front 36

an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions).

Back 36

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Front 37

intense fear of a particular animal, object or situation

Back 37

specific phobia

Front 38

an intense fear of being scrutinized by others

Back 38

social phobia

Front 39

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

Back 39

post-traumatic stress disorder