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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation
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how behavior is initiated, sustained, directed, and terminated. (textbook def)
Teacher prefers: a process in which internal mechanisms and external cues activate and direct behavior to a goal. Think about "push" (internal) and "pull" |
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Need
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internal deficiency; causes drive
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Drive
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energized motivational state (ex. hunger, thirst); activates a response
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Response
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action or series of actions designed to attain a goal
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Goal
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target of motivational behavior
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Incentive Value
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goal's appeal beyond its ability to fill a need
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Biological Motives
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innate motives based on biological needs (born with it).
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Cannon and Washburn
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(1912) origins of hunger. One of them inserted a balloon in his stomach. Balloon inflation = contracted stomach is the source of hunger pangs
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Woods
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patients with stomach removed still reported hunger pangs. Patients also ate normally
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Hunger
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lateral hypothalamus sends a signal to the stomach lining and the stomach lining produces a substance called ghrelin. *it starts in the brain
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Satiation
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fullness. Signaled by the ventro-medial hypothalamus and releases a substance called glucagon which is peptide 1.
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External Eating Cues
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availability of food
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Emotional Eating
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anxiety, depression, mood disturbances.
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Cultural Factors
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incentive value of foods
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Anorexia Nervosa
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self starving or loss of appetite. A psychological cause, usually starts with normal dieting. People still felt hunger, they just self impose starving
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Bulimia Nervosa
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gorge on food but vomits the food up or uses laxatives
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Stimulus Motives
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appears to be innate but not necessary for survival
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Arousal Theory
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activation of the body and nervous system. Different people need different levels of arousal (sensation seekers)
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Yerkes-Dodson Law
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performance depends on arousal which depends on complexity of the task. Simple task= high arousal Complex task = low arousal
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Learned Motives
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based on learned needs, drives, and goals
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Opponent- Process Theory
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stimulus causes a strong emotion. When the stimulus ends an opposite emotion is experienced
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Drug Addiction and Opponent Process Theory
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when you take a drug you enter into euphoria (high), then the drug wears off when it is removed and this state is called dysphoria (low). So, then you want to remove dysphoria so you take more drugs and the cycle repeats and repeat (drug use)
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Social Motives
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motives that are acquired from a particular society or culture. "Are you motivated?"
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Intrinsic
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self motivated, doing something for the act itself
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