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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Brain Stem Location:
Behind cerebellum and at the top of the spinal cord
Brain Stem Function:
Found in all vertebrates, & contains structures that regulate internal state of body. Also controls body’s general alertness level & warning systems.
Medulla Location:
Sits below the reticular formation in the brainstem.
Medulla Function:
Regulates breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate. Sides of medulla control opposite sides of the body.
Reticular Formation Location:
Sits above the medulla in the brainstem. Has long tracts that extend into the thalamus.
Reticular Formation Function:
Alerts cerebral cortex when new information is received & keeps brain alert (even during sleep)
Thalamus Location:
Egg-shaped pair, located at top of brain stem
Thalamus Function:
Channels sensory information to appropriate places in the cerebral cortex for further processing.
Cerebellum Location:
Looks like a “little brain” & is attached to brainstem at the base of the skull
Cerebellum Function:
Coordinates body movement, controls posture, maintains equilibrium. Damage: causes movement to be jerky, not smooth. Also helps us learn and perform body movements.
Amygdala Location:
Located in the center of the brain, in front of hippocampus.
Amygdala Function:
Controls emotions & helps form emotional memories. Damage: individuals cannot recognize feelings of others based on facial expressions. Seems particularly valuable for acquisition & interpretation of knowledge related to threats & danger.
Hypothalamus Location:
One of the smallest structures in the brain. Composed of “nuclei”
Hypothalamus Function:
Controls motivated behavior: eating, drinking, temperature regulation, sexual arousal.
Cerebral Cotrex Location:
Outer surface of the cerebrum; often called “gray matter;” covered with bumps/bumps called Gyri and ridges called Sulci. Divided into right & left hemispheres by the corpus callosum
Cerebral Cotrex Function:
Thinking, perceiving, processing and producing language, and information processing. Has highly specialized areas. Most recently evolved for humans.
Frontal Lobes Location:
Located in front of central sulcus and above lateral fissure, separated by corpus callosum
Frontal Lobes Function:
Motor control & cognitive activities, problem solving, planning, making decisions, setting goals, planned behavior, personality.
Occipital Lobes Location:
Very back of the cerebrum
Occipital Lobes Function:
Processes visual information
Parietal Lobes Location:
Above temporal lobe, in front of occipital lobe, & behind the central sulcus & frontal lobe
Parietal Lobes Function:
Makes sense of sensations, including touch, pain, & temperature
Temporal Lobes Location:
Located under the lateral fissure
Temporal Lobes Function:
Processes auditory information & memories; also, emotion & language
Motor Cortex Location:
In front of central sulcus in frontal lobe
Motor Cortex Function:
Control actions of body’s voluntary muscles. Each part is flipped in relation to actual location in body (e.g., right side controls left side of body, top controls body of body, etc.). Most of this area is devoted to upper parts of the body, such as fingers and mouth.
Sensory Cortex Location:
Behind the central sulcus in the parietal lobes
Sensory Cortex Function:
Processes bodily information about temperature, touch, body position, & pain. Relates to body in same way as motor cortex (opposites); Most of it is devoted to lips, tongue, thumb, index finger, etc.
Visual Cortex Location:
Occipital Lobes
Visual Cortex Function:
Processes visual information; Received input from the center of the retina
Auditory Cortex Location:
Both sides of temporal lobes
Auditory Cortex Function:
Processes auditory information
Broca's Area Location:
Left frontal lobe
Broca's Area Function:
Language expression & production (saying things that make sense & are understandable to others); also helps control muscles that produce speech. Damage here? Can’t produce meaningful speech…produce nonsense instead.
Wernicke’s area Location:
Left temporal lobe
Wernicke's area Function:
Associated with language perception (understanding what others are saying). Damage here? Can speak, but you can’t understand others.
Corpus Callosum Location:
Divides the two hemispheres of the cerebrum; Large band of neural fibers
Corpus Callosum Function:
Connects the two hemispheres so that they can communicate and share information
Hippocampus Location:
Horseshoe shaped sheet of neurons located within the temporal lobes and adjacent to the amygdala
Hippocampus Function:
Processing & retaining explicit memories; acquisition of memories