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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microbes |
Anything microscopic, including prokaryotes and eukaryotes
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Prokaryotes
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lack of membrane bound nucleus and organelles (bactaria, archae)
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Eukaryotes
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contain a membrane bund nucleus and organelles (fungi, protists, nematodes) |
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Prokaryotes lived and evolved all alone on Earth for ______ years |
2 billion |
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Where are prokaryotes found? |
Wherever there is life?
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Prokaryotes outnumber _____
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all eukaryotes combined
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Prokaryotes cause disease like ____ |
bubonic plague
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Prokaryotes can be beneficial for (2 things)
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bioremediation, decompose dead organisms
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Prokaryotes lack ____ and _____, and nearly all have _____ esterior to their plasma membranes.
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nuclei, membrane-enclosed organelles, cell walls
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The majority of prokaryotes are
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bacteria
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extreme halophiles thrive_______ |
in salty environments
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Extreme thermophiles inhabit_______
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very hot water
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Methanogens inhabit______
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bottoms of lakes and swamps
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Methagons can also cause ______ in humans and other animals
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intestinal gas
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Cocci are ____ shaped prokaryotes
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spherical
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Bacilli are ____ shaped prokaryotes |
rod
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Spirochetes are ______ shaped prokaryotes
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spiral
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Examples of spirochetes include
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syphilis bacterium and lyme disease bacterium
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Some prokaryotes form ____ , show _____ of cells, and can be very large
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true colonies; specialization
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About half of all prokaryotes are _____
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Motile
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Some bacteria can survive______
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extended periods of harsh conditions
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Bacteria can form _____, which are specialized resting cells.
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endospores
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Most prokaryotes can reproduce by ______ at very high rates if conditions are favorable
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binary fission
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Bacteria in the lab are thought to double in number every _____ when at 37 C.
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20 minutes
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In 24 hours, one _______ could give rise to a bacterial colony equivalent in mass to about 15000 humans |
bacterial cell
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Why does food spoil rapidly?
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The exponential growth of bacterial cells
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Pathogens are _____
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bacteria and other microorganisms that cause disease
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Tuberculosis
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respiratory disease caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis |
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An afflicted person who knowingly or intentionally exposes others to infection is guilty of a_______ |
class 2 misdemeanor |
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Exotoxin |
are poisonous proteins secreted by bacterial cells |
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A single gram of botulism exotoxin could kill ___________ people |
a million |
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Endotoxin |
chemical components of the cell walls of certain bacteria |
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The effects off endotoxins induce ______,______, and _____. |
fever, aches, shock |
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The best defenses against bacterial disease are |
sanitation,antibiotics, and education |
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Lyme disease |
caused by bacteria carried by ticks |
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Lyme disease can be treated with antibiotics if |
caught within about a month of exposure |
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Prokaryotes play essential roles in |
chemical cycles in the environment |
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Bioremediation is |
the use of organisms to remove pollutans from water, air, and soil |
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Example of prokaryotic decmposer |
sewage treatment |
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Protists are______ |
eukaryotic |
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Protists evolved from ______ |
prokaryotes |
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Protists vary in |
structure and function more than any other group of organisms |
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All _______ are eukaryotes |
protists |
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Most protists are ____cellular |
uni |
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Some protists are |
colonial |
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Some protists are ____cellular |
multi |
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Protozoans |
live primarily by ingesting food |
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Types of protozoans |
flagellates, giardia, amoebas,trypanosome |
