Psy 283: Second Exam Vocab

Front 1

Fight-or-Flight response

Back 1

aggressive stance to stress or social withdrawal (etoh, drugs).
Walter Cannon

Front 2

Selye's general adaptation syndrome

Back 2

alarm, resistance and exhaustion

Front 3

tend-and-befriend

Back 3

humans respond to stress with social affiliation and nurturant behavior toward offspring.

Front 4

primary appraisal

Back 4

whether events are positive, neutral or negative. Harm, threat.

Front 5

secondary appraisal

Back 5

whether coping abilities and resources are sufficient

Front 6

Sympathetic Activation

Back 6

cerebral cortex - hypothalamus - adrenal medulla - EP/NE

Front 7

HPA Activation

Back 7

hypothalamus - CRH - pituitary gland - ACTH - adrenal cortex - corticosteriods

Front 8

Reactivity

Back 8

degree of change in autonomic, neuroendocrine and immune responses from stress

Front 9

Allostatic load

Back 9

long term costs of chronic or repeated stress

Front 10

Stressful events

Back 10

negative events,

Front 11

chronic strain

Back 11

lead to symptoms of illness. As opposed to habituation

Front 12

aftereffects of stress

Back 12

decrease in performance and attention long after stressor is over

Front 13

acute stress paradigm

Back 13

laboratory study technique. short-term stress results in sympathetic activity and neuroendocrine responses

Front 14

stressful life events

Back 14

includes positive and negative events

Front 15

perceived stress

Back 15

better measure of stress than whether people have been exposed to particular events

Front 16

role conflict

Back 16

conflicting information about work tasks or standards from different individuals

Front 17

Stress moderators

Back 17

modify how stress is experienced and the effects it has

Front 18

coping

Back 18

thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of situations that are appraised as stressful

Front 19

negative affectivity

Back 19

pervasive negative mood

Front 20

psychological control

Back 20

belief that one can determine one's own behavior, influence one's environment and bring about desired outcomes. Self-efficacy

Front 21

control-enhancing interventions

Back 21

making use of information, relaxation and cognitive-behavioral techniques

Front 22

self-esteem

Back 22

more protective at low levels of stress

Front 23

ego strength

Back 23

personal qualities related to self-esteem - dependability, trust and lack of impulsively

Front 24

coping style

Back 24

general propensity to deal with stressful events in a particular way

Front 25

avoidant coping style

Back 25

better for short-term, puts off problems

Front 26

approach coping

Back 26

better for long-term

Front 27

problem-focused

Back 27

attempts to do something constructive about the stressful conditions that are harming, threatening, or challenging an individual

Front 28

emotion-focused: coping of two kinds

Back 28

efforts to regulate emotions experienced because of the stressful event. especially beneficial for women

Front 29

emotional-approach coping

Back 29

clarifying, focusing on and working through the emotions experienced in conjunction with a stressor

Front 30

Coping outcomes

Back 30

1.reduce arousal and its indicators: HR, BP, skin
2.return to prestress activities
3.no psychological distress

Front 31

tangible assistance

Back 31

goods or services

Front 32

informational support

Back 32

help patient better understand the stressful event better

Front 33

emotional support

Back 33

reassuring the person is valuable and cared for

Front 34

invisible support

Back 34

help that is most likely to help recepient

Front 35

direct effects hypothesis

Back 35

social support helps in nonstressful and stressful times

Front 36

buffering hypothesis

Back 36

social support mostly beneficial during times of high stress

Front 37

stress inoculation

Back 37

preparing an individual to deal with stress: what stress is, monitor stressors (reactions), antecedents, negative self-talk, take-home assignments, new skills, new goals, positive self-talk and self-instruction

Front 38

time management

Back 38

set specific work goals, establish priorities, avoid time wasters, learn what to ignore altogether

Front 39

pain behaviors

Back 39

manifestation of chronic pain: distortions in gait, facial and audible expression of distress, avoidance of activity

Front 40

nociception

Back 40

pain receptors

Front 41

A-delta fibers

Back 41

myelinated nerve fibers that transmit sharp pain

Front 42

C-fibers

Back 42

unmyelinated nerve fibers that transmit dull pain

Front 43

endogenous opioid peptides

Back 43

drugs to help control pain

Front 44

acute pain

Back 44

short in duration - 6 months or less

Front 45

chronic benign pain

Back 45

unresponsive to treatment

Front 46

recurrent acute pain

Back 46

series of intermittent episodes

Front 47

chronic progressive pain

Back 47

increases in severity over time

Front 48

pain-prone personality

Back 48

constellation of personality traits more disposed to experiencing chronic pain

Front 49

pain control

Back 49

patient is in control of the pain, duh

Front 50

pharmacological control of pain

Back 50

Morphine most popular. Main concerns are addiction, side effects, undermedication

Front 51

surgical control of pain

Back 51

cutting pain fibers. reduce pain temporarily but effects short-lived. Also expensive and has risk

Front 52

sensory control of pain

Back 52

counterirritation - exercise

Front 53

biofeedback

Back 53

achieving control of bodily process. only modest evident that it is effective in reducing pain

Front 54

relaxation

Back 54

low arousal - deep breathing. meditation - does not seem to work

Front 55

hypnosis

Back 55

relaxation, distraction, think about pain differently

Front 56

acupuncture

Back 56

counterirritation, relaxation, pt believe it will work

Front 57

Distraction

Back 57

good for low levels of stress

Front 58

guided imagery

Back 58

conjure up a picture to induce relaxation; may also take a more aggressive stance

Front 59

pain management

Back 59

initial evaluation, individualized treatment, component of programs, involvement of family, relapse prevention, evaluation of programs

Front 60

placebo

Back 60

produces an effect on patient because of its therapeutic intent