Psy 251 - Cognitive Psychology

Front 1

Classical Conditioning

Back 1

The form of learning that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly present in a temporal series so that occurrences of the first stimulus predict occurrences of the second stimulus.

Hint 1

Respondent Conditioning

Front 2

Operant Conditioning

Back 2

A learned change in the likelihood that an emitted behavior will occur again under similar circumstances in the future that occurs as the result of the events that follow occurrences of the behavior.

Hint 2

Instrumental Conditioning

Front 3

Mind Window

Back 3

A feature of the Sniffy program that displays certain parameters of Sniffy's algorithms for classical and operant conditioning.The parameters displayed corespond to psychological process that psychologists have proposed as explanation for aspects of classical and operant conditioning.

Hint 3

Shows how changes in Sniffy's psychological processes " are related to changes in Sniffy's behavior.

Front 4

Pavlovian Conditioning

Back 4

Classical Conditioning

Hint 4

Respondent Conditioning

Front 5

Conditioned Stimulus

Back 5

In Classical Conditioning, a stimulus that has the capacity to acquire the capacity to elicit a conditioned response as the result of an unconditional stimulus in a series of trials.

Hint 5

CS

Front 6

Unconditioned Stimulus

Back 6

In Classical Conditioning, a stimulus that has the intrinsic capacity to elict an obvious and easy-to-measure response. In standard Classical Conditioning training trials, the UCS is presented after the CS

Hint 6

UCS

Front 7

Unconditioned Response

Back 7

In Classical Conditioning, the response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus.

Hint 7

UCR

Front 8

Conditioned Response

Back 8

In Classical Conditioning, the learned response to a conditioned stimulus which develops a the result of repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus shortly before presenting the unconditional stimulus.
In Operant Conditioning, an emitted behavior whose frequency has been increased as the result of repeatedly reinforcing the behavior.

Hint 8

CR

Front 9

Orienting Rresponse

Back 9

The initial, unlearned response to a conditioned stimulus.

Hint 9

OR

Front 10

Conditioned Emotional Response

Back 10

A form of Classical Conditioning in which a conditioned stimulus acquires the capacity to elicit freezing and other fear-related behaviors as a result of being paired with an aversive unconditioned stimulus.

Hint 10

CER

Front 11

Conditioned Suppression

Back 11

An alternative name for the conditioned emotional response.

Front 12

Movement Ratio

Back 12

The proportion of time during the presentation of a conditioned stimulus that Sniffy is displaying freezing and other fear-related behaviors.

Front 13

Suppression Ratio

Back 13

A response measure used to measure the conditioned emotional response. The suppression ratio is equal to the response rate during a CS presentation divided by the sum of the response rate during the CS plus the response rate during the period immediately preceding the CS.

Hint 13

(Bar Presses During CS)/
(Bar Presses During CS
+Bar Presses Pre CS)

Front 14

Aquisition

Back 14

In Classical Conditioning, the development of a condition response as the consequence of pairing the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli.
In Operant Conditioning, the increase in the frequency of an emitted behavior as the result of reinforcing occurrences of the behavior.

Front 15

Extinction

Back 15

In Classical Conditioning, the diminution and eventual elimination of a previously conditioned response that occurs as the result of repeatedly presenting the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus.
In Operant Conditioning, the reduction in frequency of a previously conditioned response that occurs when the response is no longer reinforced.

Front 16

Spontaneous Recovery

Back 16

The reappearance of a previously extinguished classically or operantly conditioned response which occurs when the animal is returned to testing situation after spending time in another environment, such as its home cage.

Front 17

Law of Effect

Back 17

It basically states that “responses that produce a satisfying effect in a particular situation become more likely to occur again in that situation, and responses that produce a discomforting effect become less likely to occur again in that situation.

Front 18

Reinforcement

Back 18

In Operant Conditioning, the operation of presenting a positive reinforcer or removing a negative reinforcer as a the consequence of a behavior pattern, with the result that the reinforced behavior pattern becomes more likely to occur under similar circumstances in the future.
In Classical Conditioning, the presentation of the unconditioned stimulus after an occurrence of the conditioned response.

Front 19

Positive Reinforcer

Back 19

A stimulus whose presentation as a consequence of a behavior makes that behavior more likely to occur under similar circumstance in the future.

Front 20

Negative Reinforcer

Back 20

A stimulus whose removal as a consequence of a behavior makes that behavior less likely to occur under similar circumstance in the future.