Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Psychometricians |
Psychologists who specialize in measure psychological characteristics such as intelligence and personality. |
|
|
Fluid Intelligence |
Ability to perceive relations among stimuli |
|
|
Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligence |
-Linguistic -Logical Mathematical -Spatial -Musical -Bodily Kinesthetic -Interpersonal -Intrapersonal -Naturalistic -Existential |
|
|
Sternberg's Theory of Successful Intelligence |
-Analytic Ability -Creative Ability -Practical Ability |
|
|
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale |
Original Scale for IQ |
|
|
Weschler Intelligence Scales |
-WPPSI -WISC -WAIS |
|
|
WPPSI |
Pre-school & Primary 3-7 |
|
|
WISC |
Children aged 6-16 |
|
|
WAIS |
Adults, age 16 and above |
|
|
Aspects of the Weschler Scale |
-Verbal Comprehension
-Perceptual Reasoning -Working Memory -Processing Speed |
|
|
What does intelligence predict? |
-Academic performance -Occupational status & performance -Health |
|
|
What factors influence intelligence? |
Genes Environment Socio-economic status Culture |
|
|
Language |
A system that relates sounds (or gestures) to meaning. |
|
|
Phonology |
Sounds of the language (Sound) |
|
|
Semantics |
Study of words and their meaning. (Words) |
|
|
Syntax |
Rules that specify how words are combined to form sentences. (Grammar) |
|
|
Pragmatics |
The communicative functions of language and rules that lead to effective communication (Function) |
|
|
Pre-linguistic Vocalization |
Before words; crying, etc. |
|
|
Immature Vocalization |
Birth-3 months |
|
|
Vocal play |
3-8 months |
|
|
True Babbling |
5-10 months |
|
|
Jargon Babbling |
9-18 months |
|
|
Phonology |
Study of sounds of a language |
|
|
Deletion |
Deleting the final consonant of a word |
|
|
Repetition |
Repeating sounds to create a word |
|
|
Simplification |
Simplifying a constant cluster |
|
|
Reorganization |
Reordering the consonants in a word |
|
|
Receptive Vocabulary |
The words a child understands |
|
|
Expressive Vocabulary |
The words a child understands and says |
|
|
Naming Explosion |
Learn new words much more rapidly than before |
|
|
Underextension |
Defining a word too narrowly |
|
|
Overextension |
Defining a word too broadly |
|
|
Referential Style |
Vocabularies consist mainly of words that name objects persons or actions |
|
|
Expressive style |
Vocabularies include some names but also many social phrases that are used like a single word |
|
|
Telegraphic Speech (Initial Sentences) |
Two Word Sentences |
|
|
Longer Sentences |
after 24 months |
|
|
Fully developed syntax |
age 4 or 5 |
|
|
Overregularization |
Using the rules of language in all contexts, even when inappropriate |
|
|
Referential Communication |
Using language to convey a message that the listener will understand |
|
|
Conversational repair |
Revising something that was said because it's believed that the listener did not understand the original statement. |
|
|
Erik Erikson's Psychosocial stages of development |
-Basic Trust vs Mistrust -Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt -Initiative vs guilt -Industry vs inferiority -Identity vs role confusion -Intimacy vs isolation -Generativity vs stagnation -Integrity vs despair |
|
|
Basic trust vs mistrust |
birth - 1 yr |
|
|
Autonomy vs shame & doubt |
1-3 |
|
|
Initiative vs guil |
3-6 |
|
|
Industry vs inferiority |
6-12 |
|
|
Identity vs role confusion |
13-20 |
|
|
Intimacy vs isolation |
21-40 |
|
|
Generativity vs stagnation |
41-65 |
|
|
Integrity vs despair |
66+ |
|
|
Temperament |
An individuals relatively consistent style of reacting to environmental circumstances |
|
|
Temperament Dimensions |
-Activity level -Rhythmicity -Approach or withdrawal -Adaptability -Threshold of responsiveness -Intensity of reaction -Quality of mood -Distractibility -Attention span & persistence |
|
|
Attachment |
An emotional tie formed between an infant and a caregiver |
|
|
Ethological Theory |
Views development from an evolutionary perspective |
|
|
Imprinting |
The process by which animals learn the distinctive characteristics of their mothers |
|
|
Preattachment |
6-8 weeks |
|
|
Attachment in the making |
6-8 weeks to 6-8 months
|
|
|
True attachment |
6-8 months to 18 months |
|
|
Reciprocal relationships |
18 months on |
|
|
Internal working model |
cognitive representations of relationships that children construct from their interactions with others |
