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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
multidirectional
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non-linear progression ex: growth rate of a chile
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multicontextual
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# of different contexts ex: socioeconomic: education, income, neighborhood, occupation of h.o.h. cultural:values, customes, clothing, housing. historic: computers, war current events.
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multicultural
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many cultural settings
ex: women who make more $ in japan are less likely to marry while women in sweden who make more $ are more likely to marry. |
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multidisciplinary
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many academic disciplines contribute data
ex: bisocial, cognative, psychosocial |
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plasticity
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personality and bodies change through life span, capacity to change
ex: risk and resilency |
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scientific method
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1.formulate research question
2.develope hypthesis 3.test hypothesis 4.draw conclusions 5.make findings available |
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psychoanalytic theoirists
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freud-stages
erickson-stages |
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behaviorism
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classical conditioning-Pavlov-neutral stimulis is conditioned to be associated with a meaningful stimulus
operant conditioning-Skinner-response gradually learned via reinforcement or punishment "little albert"- Watson |
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social learning
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modeling-people observe and copy behavior
most likely to occur of model is admired or observer is inexperienced-Bandura |
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Cognative theory
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Piaget-stages
sensorimotor pre-opperational concrete operational formal operational sociocultural-vygotsky |
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epigenetic
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interatction between genes and environment
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zone of proximal development
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sociocutural idea- range of skills that a learner can exercise and master with assistance ex: i wouldn't want to take basketball lessons from micheal jordon or gold lessons from tiger woods
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cross sectional research
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research method with groups who differ in age but share other important characteristics are compared
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longitudinal
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same individuals are studied over long period of time
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periods of dev.
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germinal-1st 14 days
embryonic-3rd-8th week fetal-9th week-birth |
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age of viability
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22 weeks
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brain structures
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neruons-brain cell
axons-send impulses (ARM) dendrites-recive impluses (FIGNERS) synapse-space between dendirte and axon myelin-fat layer increses transmission rate |
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reflexes
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breathing
rooting-brushing side of mouth turns to feed sucking grasping moro-arms reaching babinski-fanning of foot stepping |
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SIDS
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peaks 2-4 months
temp and smoke asian-less likley black-twice as likely am Ind-highest rates |
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at birth how many neurons are prsenent
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>100 million
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gross motor skills
and milestones |
tummy time-practice turning
head up, crawling, creeping, and walking |
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fine motor development
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grabbing, pointing, holding, transfering object from hand to hand (eye hand coordination-6 mo)
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st 1 and 2
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primary circular reactions
focus on infant's own body St 1-reflexes birth-1m St 2-adaptations of reflexes 1m-4m |
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st 3 and 4
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secondary circular reactions
feedback loop involving people and objects St 3-making events last longer (repition, awareness, logic)4m-8m St 4-New adaptaion and anticipation (goal directed behavior, object permanence)8m-12m |
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st 5 and 6
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Tertiary circular reactions
feeback loop involves active experimentation and exploration ( creativity, ideas) St 5-new means through active experimentation (little scientist) 12m-18m St 6-new means through mental combos involves modeling 18m-24m |