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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When do children begin babbling?
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Around 5-6 months
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True or false: The smallest meaningful units of language are morphemes.
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True
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What is the Nativist view of language?
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The idea that we discover language rather than learn it, that language development is inborn.
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What is Wernicke’s area and where is it located?
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Area of the brain responsible for the ability to speak, left hemisphere.
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3 month old Josh frequently makes “ooh aaah” sounds as a form of communication. What is this type of language called?
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Cooing- the first sounds humans make other than crying.
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Describe the rooting reflex in children?
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A newborn will turn their heads toward a stimulus that strokes their sides of their cheeks.
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______ means a study of the rule formation of grammatical sentences into a language.
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The syntactical
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Define Thorndike’s law of effect?
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Law of effect consist upon the theory that behavior that is rewarded will linger on, and the behavior that is punished will be abandoned. Thorndike experimented with animals and proved this theory true.
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What is metacognitive thinking?
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Process that included the ability first to think, and then to reflect on one’s own thinking.
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A dog has four legs, a collar, two ears, barks, and is loyal to its owners. This mental classification of a dog is known as?
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A concept! A mental grouping of objects, events, or people.
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What is the availability heuristic?
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A device we use to make decisions based on the ease with which estimates come to mind or how available they are to our awareness.
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In comparison with other species, what is unique about human language?
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We can share abstract ideas, concepts, and beliefs!
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Simon is meek, tidy, quiet, and overly concerned with order and detail. When given the choice of guessing if Simon works at the library or at the hospital, most people guess the library, even though the hospital employs more people. The guess that Simon works at the library is due to:
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The representative heuristic
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True or False: Behaviorist explanations (think Skinner) of language development emphasize how language is acquired through shaping and reinforcement.
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True
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Active maintenance of information in short-term memory is referred to as ______ memory. Also, this type of memory experiences the greatest amount of decline the older one gets.
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Working memory
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_____ are mental shortcuts.
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Heuristics
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What is Broca’s area and where is it located?
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Area responsible for the ability to produce speech; in the frontal lobe.
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Fill in the missing prenatal development stage:
________, embryonic, fetal. |
Germinal
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According to Erik Erikson’s stages of human development, which stage are most adolescents in, and why?
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Identity vs. Identify isolation; Need to develop a sense of who they are as individuals.
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What does (LAD) stand for?
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Chomsky purported that children are hard-wired to learn language through a LAD (Language Acquisition Device)
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Young Frank goes to the humane society for the first time an notices that his mother pets the cats from front to back. When he pets the can, he is learning through what mechanism of social learning theory?
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Modeling
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Because he is a hopeless romantic, Dexter buys his wife a single red rose for no particular reason while grocery shopping. Realizing that he doesn’t own a vase, he also buys the only one the supermarket has in stock, which is rather expensive. Upon coming home, his wife says, “Thank you for the rose, but is the vase really necessary? We can just put it in one of your many empty wine bottles that litter the kitchen.” Chad’s failure to realize that a wine bottle can serve as a makeshift, yet romantic, vase is an example of?
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Functional fixedness
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Which of the following is considered a “prototype?”
A concept An example The most “typical” member of a category |
The most “typical” member of a category
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Shannon has been married for 20 years. She feels miserable in her marriage but refuses to consider getting a divorce; she feels that a divorce would completely waste all of the hard work she has put into making the marriage work for the last 20 years. Shannon’s line of reasoning best illustrates the _____ fallacy.
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Sunk-cost fallacy
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_____ are specific patterns of motor response that are triggered by specific patterns of sensory stimulation
Conditioned responses Habituated responses Reflexes Instincts |
Reflexes
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