Psy 101 Exam 3 Intelligence

Front 1

Intelligence -

Back 1

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solving problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Front 2

Adapting to new situations helped us live

How?

Back 2

-we learned that touching the stove is hot and dangerous

-helped up adapt to our surroundings

Front 3

Charles Spearman

-believed what

-found what

Back 3

-we have one general intelligence

-people who do well on one test of mental ability tend to do well on all others, there's a

"key ingredient" for success across tests

Front 4

Factor Analysis or General Factor (G) -

(Charles Spearman)

Back 4

statistical tool that identifies a "key ingredient" for success across tests

Front 5

Gardner's Theory -

Back 5

intelligence is best thought of as multiple abilities that come in packages

Front 6

-Most "G"-loaded abilities: (2)

-Learned best via lectures: (1)

-Navigation/face recognition: (1)

-Learn best by movement: (1)

-Weakness/reflection: (1)

-Communication: (1)

-Understanding of things: (1)

Back 6

-Linguistic&Logical-Mathematical

-Musical

-Spatial

-Bodily-kinesthetic

-Intrapersonal (self)

-Interpersonal (other people)

-Naturalist

Front 7

Give Exemplar to the listed Apitudes:

1. Linguistic

2. Logical-mathematical

3. Musical

4. Spatial

5. Bodily-kinesthetic

6. Intrapersonal (self)

7. Interpersonal (other people)

8. Naturalist

Back 7

-T.S Eliot, poet

-Albert Einstein, scientist

-Igor Stravinsky, composer

-Pablo Picasso, artist

-Martha Graham, dancer

-Sigmund Freud, psychiatrist

-Mahatma Gandhi, leader

-Charles Darwin, naturalist

Front 8

Stephen Wiltshire -

Back 8

-30 min helicopter ride to the top of skyscraper

-7 days later he redrew Tokoyo skyline by memory

Front 9

Savant Syndrome -

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condition in which person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as computation or drawing

Front 10

Kim Peek -

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able to read remember a page in 8-10 seconds and memorized 9,000 books include complete works of Shakespeare, yet, doesn't remember to button up his clothes

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Daniel Tammet -

Back 11

-recited first 22,500 digits of pi from memory in 5 hours and 9 minutes

-learned 10 languages, including Icelandic in one week

Front 12

Who said that "general intelligence is essentially meaningless because person can have weaknesses in some areas, but strengths in others" ?

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-Gardner

Front 13

Intelligence has a ___ correlation with money

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positive

Front 14

Sternberg's theory -

Back 14

distinguishes among three intelligences (3 tiers)

-Analytical

-Creative

-Practical

Front 15

Analytical Intelligence -

Back 15

intelligence tests (math problems,

compare/contrast, critiques, critical thinking)

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Creative Intelligence -

Back 16

adapting and generating novel ideas

(new ideas/relationships)

Front 17

Practical Intelligence -

Back 17

attaining a fit between oneself and their environment, or "street smarts"

(solutions to everyday problems)

Front 18

Spearman's General Intelligence (g) Theory -

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basic intelligence predicts our abilities in varied academic areas

Front 19

Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities Theory

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intelligence may be broken down into seven factors:
word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability,

inductive reasoning, and memory

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Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory -

Back 20

Our abilities are best classified into eight

independent intelligences, which include a broad range of skills beyond traditional school smarts

Front 21

Sternberg's Triarchic Theory

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Our intelligence is best classified into three areas that predict real-world success: analytical, creative, and practical

Front 22

Creativity -

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ability to produce ideas that are both novel and valuable

(ex: paperclip invention)

Front 23

Components of creativity is:

(4)

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1. Expertise - know their domain

2. Imagination - think in novel ways

3. Personality - willing to go against trends

4. Intrinsic Motivation - driven by interest, satisfaction, challenge rather than external pressure

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When it comes to creativity, _____ is also important

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environment

(ex: brain storming in a group vs. individual = more ideas from individ.)

Front 25

The overall correlation between overall brain size and intelligence is around

Back 25

.30

Front 26

Francis Galton -

Back 26

Intelligence is influenced by nature (if you're born with it or not)

Front 27

Alfred Binet (Predicting School Achievement)

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if you weren't smart then it was based on

environment influences

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Alfred Binet introduced the

Mental Age -

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the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance

Front 29

Who found the "Intelligence Quotient" -

Back 29

Lewis Terman

Front 30

Intelligence Quotient and equation -

Back 30

is a way of expressing a person's score

(no longer computed this way now)

IQ = (mental age)/(chronological age) x 100

Front 31

Aptitude Tests -

Achievement Tests -

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-tests like ACT that are designed to predict your future performance

-tests designed to asses what you have learned

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Example of Aptitude / Achievement tests

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Aptitude: driving part of test (physical)

Achievement: driving test exam (written)

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Two major steps in standardizing a test:

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1. establish a procedure for administering the test

2. administer the test to a standardization sample to establish norms for the test and determine whether test has acceptable measurement properties

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Reliability -

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the extent to which a test yields consistent results (scores), as assessed by the consistency of the scores on two halves of the test or on retesting

Front 35

Validity -

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the extent to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure

Front 36

____ tests are predictive but no reliable

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aptitude tests

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In order for something to be valid it has to be ______ first

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reliable

Front 38

Ian Deary

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retested 80 year olds to test they took when they were 11 and they did a lot better

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IQ correlates with _____

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longevity

Front 40

Her score was 110 when she was 16 years old, what is her score when she is 32?

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110

Front 41

Intellectual Disability -

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condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence test score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to normal demands of independent living

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Higher IQ tend to become someone

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successful

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Logic of Twin Studies:

if intelligence is influence by genetic factors, then the most genetically similar people should?

Back 43

have the most similar intelligence test scores

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Environment plays a huge deal when it comes to twins similarity of intelligence:

Back 44

-together: more similar

-apart: less similar

Front 45

Children and their birth parents have higher ______ ability

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verbal ability

(there's a genetic factor that plays a role)

Front 46

What causes delayed development?

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those who had minimal interaction with caregivers

Front 47

_____ training can enhance intelligence even though it's just a little

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musical

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There are _____ ______ in mean levels of mental abilities

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gender differences

Front 49

Females are better:

Males are better:

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-spellers

-remember locations of objects

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Males tend to be better in _____ _____

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spatial visualization

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Even when gender differences are found, there is always a _____ _____

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substantial overlap

Front 52

-Difference in intelligence area also found between ______ groups.

-Explain the variation

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-ethnic

-there's variation between groups but within the group itself as well

Front 53

Stereotype Threat -

Back 53

apprehension felt by members of negatively stereotyped groups when their behavior might confirm the stereotype

(ex: if your asian, you HAVE to do good on test)

Front 54

Claude Steele said that members of stigmatized group can fear being seen, "..."

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"through the lens of diminishing stereotypes and low expectations"

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When you're reminded of negative stereotypes about your group, you: (3)

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1. anxiety and self doubt

2. show reductions in working memory capacity

3. under perform, relative to non-stereotyped others

Front 56

When black students filled out their race before test:

Back 56

- they do worse on the intelligence test compared to whites

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When women fill out their gender before a test:

Back 57

They do worse in test compared to men

Front 58

Asian Identity Salient:

No Identity Salient:

Female Identity Salient:

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.59

.49

.43