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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
When did agriculture begin and what did this include?
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-7,000 to 10,000 years ago
-cultivation of edible plants and domestication of animals |
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Where did agriculture begin?
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-Mesopotamia
-China -Mexico, Central and South America |
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What was developed between 6,000 and 2,000 years ago in Mesopotamia?
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-irrigation system
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What fruits were from Mesopotamia?
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-Dates
-Figs -Olives -Grapes -Lemons -Papyrus |
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What did the egyptians develop?
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-Baking
-Fermenting -Drying -Pottery |
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What plants were domesticated in Mexico and Peru around 5,500 BC?
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-Beans
-Corn -Squash |
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In Peru, what were the two places for plant domestication?
When were they discovered? |
-Machu Pichu
-Cuzco -1911 |
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In 5,000 BC what did Eastern China Culture?
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-rice
-peaches -apricots |
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Who was the Father of Botony?
What are three defining features of him? |
-Theophratus
-Greek -Pupil of Aristotle -Wrote about plants |
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What are the Romans attributed for adding to agriculture?
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-Improving Greek practices
-Crop rotation -Soil Fertility -Plant Grafting -Greenhouses -Garden Tools |
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What occurred during the dark ages?
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-Little European advancements
-Plants and records maintained in monastery gardens -Meteria Medica written |
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What advances were made in the middle ages?
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-Very Little
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What occurred during the Renaissance period?
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-landscape designs become part of culture
-Palace of Versailles in France |
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Who were the explorers that were well noted in the age of exploration?
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-Christopher Columbus
-John Cabot -Francis Drake -Ferninand Magellan -James Cook |
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Which explorer was first to circumnavigate the world?
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-Ferndinand Magellan
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What were some of the first fruit and nut horticulture contributions?
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-Cranberry
-Avocado -Cashews -Black Walnut -Pecans -Pineapple |
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What were some of the vegetables to contribute to the start of horticulture?
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-Corn
-Potato -Tomato -Squash -Sweet Potato -Pumpkin -Peanut -Kidney/Lima Beans |
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Describe the importance of Bartrams Garden.
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-John Bartram discovered Franklinia alatamaha and built this first botanical garden
-Garden locatated in Fairmont Park in Philadelphia, PA -Bartram named greatest natural botonist |
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What flowers are part of the Orient plant exploration?
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-Rhodedendrons
-Lilies -Roses -Chrysanthemums |
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What is, and who developed, the binomial system fo nomenclature?
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-A two name system that never changes, made of a genus and specific epithet
-Carl Von Linnae |
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What created the Landgrant colleges and when?
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-The Morrill act in 1862
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Who was the father of American Horticulture? What is he known for?
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-Liberty Hyde Bailey
-Wrote Hortus which listed latin names of cultivated plants |
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Who was the Father of Landscape Architecture?
What did do? |
-Frederick Law Olmstead
-Designed Central Park in NYC in 1858 |
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Who used peas for genetics?
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-Gregor Mendel
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When was inorganic fertilizer developed?
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-1920's
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When were agricultural chemicals introduced?
What did this include? |
-1940's
-herbicides, fungicides, insecticides |
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What were the timeline occurances for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990?
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-farm mechanization
-Rachel Carlson's "Silent Spring" and food shortage -Energy Crisis. Bad for Greenhouses -Plant tissue culture and improved mechanical planting and harvesting -gene mapping and isolation |