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56 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Pseudomonas: Describe the basics of this bug?
1. aerobic
2. motile
3. can use lots of carbon sources
Pseudomonas: What causes the blue-green pigment?
pyocyanin
Pseudomonas: Who gets this infection?
burn victims, immunocomp., drug users
Pseudomonas: What are the clinical syndromes?
PSEUDOmonas
Pneumonia, Sepsis, External Otitis, UTI, Drug/Diabetic Osteomyelitis
Pseudomonas: Found in what environments?
moist
Pseudomonas: Can it be normal gut flora?
yes
Pseudomonas: What virulence factor causes attachment to host cell epithelium?
adhesin
Pseudomonas: What virulence factor causes the formation of a mucoid layer?
alginate
Pseudomonas: What virulence factors cause inhibition of host protein production
1. Exotoxin A
2. Exoenzyme S
Pseudomonas: What virulence activity causes damage to lung and blood vessels
Elastolytic activity
Pseudomonas: Describe Exotoxin A.
- ADP- ribosylation (A-B exotoxin)
- attaches to EF-2
- turns off translation
Pseudomonas: What other bug has a toxin similar to exotoxin A?
C. diptheria
Pseudomonas: bug preys on people with what genetic lung pathology
CF
Pseudomonas: How does bug aggravate CF?
- Increased secretion of muscin
- frustrated macros release cytokines
Pseudomonas: Tx?
aminoglycosides and B-lactam (tick, pipe, car)
Bordella Pertussis: Causes what major symptom?
whooping cough
Bordella Pertussis: What kind of media required?
Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar
Bordella Pertussis: aerobic or anaerobic?
aerobic
Bordella Pertussis: What virulence factor ADP-ribosylates guanine nucleotide binding protein?
pertussis toxin
Bordella Pertussis: What are the 2 main results of pertussis toxin?
1. lymphocytosis
2. hypoglycemia
Bordella Pertussis: What virulence factor mediates attachment to the resp. epithelium?
pertussis toxin
Bordella Pertussis: What is the function of the adenylate cyclase toxin?
inhibits Gi, causes local edema
Bordella Pertussis: What are the 4 main virulence factors?
1. pertussis toxin
2. adenylate cyclase toxin
3. tracheal cytotoxin
4. dermonecrotic toxin
Bordella Pertussis: what does the tracheal cytotoxin do?
causes cilistatis
Bordella Pertussis: what does the dermonecrotic cytotoxin do?
- vascular smc contraction
- ischemic necrosis
Bordella Pertussis: What other factor causes attachment to epithelial cells and erythrocyte agglutination?
filamentous hemaglutinin
Bordella Pertussis: Is there a vaccine?
No
Bordella Pertussis: Who is mainly affected?
historically children under 5, but lately people over 20
Bordella Pertussis: What is the mechanism of transmission?
aerosol
Francisella tularensis: Causes what disease?
Tularemia
Tularemia: Are these bugs small?
yes
Tularemia: What is another name for the fever they cause?
glandular, tick, rabbit or deerfly fever
Tularemia: What are the animal reservoirs?
arthropods, rabbits, etc
Tularemia: How many bugs needed for infection?
inhalation = 50
ingestion - 100 million
Tularemia: what occupation is at risk?
hunters
Tularemia: What are the 2 main presentations?
1. Glandular
2. Typhoidal
Tularemia: How do you get glandular tularemia?
direct contact or arthropod bite
Tularemia: What are the symptoms of glandular tularemia?
- lymph involvement
- no ulcers
Tularemia: What are the symptoms of ulceroglandular tularemia
- necrotic ulcer
- regional lymphadenopathy
Tularemia: What are the symptoms of oculoglandular tularemia
- conjunctivitis
Tularemia: How do you get typhoidal tularemia?
eating contaminated meat or aerosol exposure
Tularemia: What is the major symptom of typhoidal tularemia?
long term fever similar to S. typhi
Tularemia: What cell does the bug live in?
macrophage
Tularemia: What is the mechanism of necrotic lesions?
inflammatory response causing granuloma formation
Tularemia: What causes the typhoid fever?
endotoxin
Tularemia: Why is this bug considered a potential bioweapon?
- low number of bugs necessary for inhalation infection
- aerosol
Tularemia: Tx?
streptomycin, since bugs secrete beta-lactamase
Brucella: What are the 4 important species?
B. abortus (cattle)
B. melitensis (goats)
B. suis (pigs)
B. canis (dogs)
Brucella: What is the main feature of brucellosis?
undulant fever
Brucella: What are some other terms describing undulant fever?
- Malta fever
- Meditteranian fever
Brucella: What are the main animal hosts?
cattle, sheep, goats
Brucella: Who gets this bug?
- people who work with animals
- eat unpastuerized cheese
Brucella: How are the animals affects by this bug?
- usually appear healthy
- may have abortions
Brucella: Where does this bug replicate?
macrophage
Brucella: What organs does this bug infect?
liver, spleen, BM
Brucella: how is this bug released periodically from a point in the body?
From a granuloma