Psalms And Wisdom Literature Midterm - Part I

Front 1

Time span for writing of Psalms thought to be

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1000 years

Front 2

Semiotics

Back 2

A general science of signs which must include cultural competence and linguistic competence

Front 3

Poetics

Back 3

A grammar of literature, describing basic components of literature and the rules governing their use.

Front 4

Qualification on Poetics

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Poetics helps us understant what a text's truth claim is, not its truth value. "Grammar is descriptive not prescriptive"

Front 5

Poetry may include such elements as

Back 5

rhyme, meter,alitteration, imagery, parallelism

Front 6

OT poetry distinctives

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Not end rhyme, but still concerned with sounds (i.e. alliteration); doesn't have rhythm/meter in the same sense as English poetry; uses Parallelism in both the semantic and the grammatical sense.

Front 7

Semantic Parallelism

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Parallelism of sense or idea

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Grammatical Parallelism

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Parallelism of syntax

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Lowth's three types of semantic parallelism

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Synonymous, Antithetic, Synthetic

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Synonymous parallelism

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repetition of same thought in different ways

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Antithetic parallelism

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Using opposite terms to say the same thought

Front 12

Synthetic parallelism

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second member advances in some way the thought of the first.

Front 13

Internal Parallelism

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Also called innerlinear: parallelism is within one poetic line

Front 14

External Parallelism

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Also called interlinear: parallelism is between lines.

Front 15

Complete/Incomplete parallelism

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Parallelism can be either...

Front 16

colon

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part of a line

Front 17

bicolon

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two part line

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tricolon

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three part line

Front 19

Synonyms for "line"

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verse or stych (sp?)

Front 20

Reaction to Lowth's scheme

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1) Garbage can parallelism: toss all the extras into "synthetic" 2)synonymous and antithetic are really about the same thing: one just happens to use a negative term.

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Proposals in reaction to Lowth's scheme of parallelism:

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1)return to Hebrew grammatical parallelism 2)"semantic" (sense) parallelism works but we need many more (i.e. emblematic, chaistic, etc.)

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Kugel's redefinition of parallelism:

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A "seconding" sequence:
a) Parallelism not really paralleling but seconding (see Isa. 1:3)
b) Kugel's thesis: "A, what's more, B"

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Alter's contribution to the issue of parallelism

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a) Similar to Kugel but arrived at independently b) Alter's theory of dynamic movement (not stasis, but dynamic from one verse to next) c) Heightening as the heart of semantic parallelism.

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Alter's "heightening" concept of semantic parallelism includes:

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1) specification 2) focusing 3) concretization 4) dramatization

Front 25

Why is it important to recognize poetry when we find it in the OT?

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1) leaves matters ambiguous 2) nature of poetry 3) kinds of truth claims it makes 4) more emotive than prose

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Why is there so much poetry in the Bible?

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1) Emotive 2) Addresses the whole person 3) More memorable 4) Shows God's creativity