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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two key words in the book of Ecclesiastes
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First half: vanity
Second half: find |
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Commentator Duane Garrett has called Ecclesiastes
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the "resident alien" of the Bible
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Early view on authorship of Ecclesiastes
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Written by Solomon
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Early (Solomonic) view of authorship of E supported by
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Internal evidences: author says
1) he is son of David 2) one who pursues wisdom 3) owner of more herds/gardens etc. than anyone |
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Modern view on authorship of Ecclesiastes
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Solomon is not author (Kidner's view)
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Modern view of authorship of E supported by
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Internal evidences:
1) Solomon never explicitely mentioned (though some would say he is writing under the pseudonymn Qoheleth) 2) "when I was king" - contradicts the fact that Solomon was king until his death 3) when Qoheleth speaks about or alludes to kings, he seems to do so from a lower position |
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Linguistic evidence against Solomonic authorship
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The claim is made that the Hebrew of Ecclesiastes shows marked affinities to much later
Hebrew |
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Kidner's summary on E's authorship
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Kidner put it, the
speaker, the writer, simply “dons Solomonic guise.” |
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Dissenting modern view on E's authorship
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Early Jewish view should be given some weight; the Hebrew in E doesn't line up with ANY time period
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Increasingly, unity in the book of E is recognized because of
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similarities with ANE litterary structure in which an author would state the known thing and then balance it with the other side of the coin.
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In terms of unity and structure in E.
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many regard it as more or less a notebook. Derek Kidner
does not attempt an outline of the book but instead hits on some thematic issues. |
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Wright structures the book of E in terms of a
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a rough chiasm (A, B, C, C, B, A).
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Familiarize yourself with thematic overview of E
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Appendix 11
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Is Ecclesiastes anti-wisdom?
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The writer of Ecclesiastes could be seen as anti-wisdom in the
sense of being opposed to the wisdom of the world, but he still points to the fear of the Lord which is, as you may remember, the motto of the book of Proverbs and really the motto of all wisdom literature. So we would say he is not anti-wisdom. Derek Kidner says that the writer of Ecclesiastes says to prudential wisdom, “Yes, but….” |
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Is the book of Ecclesiastes pessimistic?
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No. The book has sort of a pessimistic tone, but what is
pessimism? Pessimism is without hope, and what is wrong with being a pessimist? Pessimism is an unnecessarily negative attitude about something. So, is he pessimistic? Not really. He is anti-secularist and anti-materialist: “Do not try to find meaning in life in your secular pursuits or in your materialism.” |
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Is Ecclesiastes anti-theological?
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Though it does keep its gaze mainly this worldly, there is a very strong sense in this book that God is
present and in control. What He has made crooked no one can straighten. What God does remains forever. |
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is Ecclesiastes preparation for the Gospel?
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There is a real sense in which the book of Ecclesiastes, then and now, is pre-evangelism. It disrupts the
comfortable existence of people who are thinking that they are moving toward a meaningful and satisfying existence outside of Christ. |
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Song of Songs authorship
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there is a moderate
consensus that the book is not from Solomon even though it is called “Solomon’s most excellent song,” or the Song of Songs of Solomon. |
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Possible reason for modern view that Sololmon not author has to do with the Hebrew
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What is translated, “of Solomon,” could just as
well be translated, “to, for, or in the style of Solomon.” |
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Support for Solomonic authorship of Song of Songs
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1. bible says "of Solomon"
2. Extensive understanding of flora and fauna 3. naming of cities seems to be before divided kingdom 4. |
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Interpretive approaches to Song of Songs
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1. Allegorical
2. Typological 3. Mythical/cultic 4. Historical 5. Literal (dominant contempory view) |
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Garrett calls song of Songs
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"a unified love song" and believes it is literal.
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Progression in Song of Songs
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from desire to marriage to consummation
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How was Song of Song canonized?
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As the power of human love in marriage
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Is Song of Songs a book of theology?
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yes - it is a reflection of god's love for us.
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Date and Occasion of book of Lamentations
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Fall of Judah, 586 BC: range of composition is somewhere between 586-530 BC
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Author of Lamentations
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Tradition says Jeremiah - or someone like him
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Lamentations was used in
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Jewish worship: festival of scrolls, on anniversaries of destruction of temples
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Lamentations form
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Acrostics: 1-4 are alphabetic acrostics
5th chapter: 22 verses (number of letters in Hebrew alphabet) - full expression of suffering from A to Z! |
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Dirges and lamentations in L
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1,2,4 like funeral dirges
3 individual lamentation 5 communal lamentation |
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Message of Lamentation
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1. Theodicy (justification of the ways of God)2. Mystery 3. Hope
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In the book of Lamentations three great strands of the Israelite tradition, faith, and literature, are
combined |
There is the prophet’s insight into the judgment and grace of the covenant Lord, the priests’
liturgical expression of contrition and hope, and the wise man’s wrestling with the mysteries of suffering |
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Lamentations contains a warning against
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complacency
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Sample test question: Brevity of individual Proverbs proves they are older
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F
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Sample test question: Highest concentration of Yaweh sayings in Proverbs is found in
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16:1-9
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Sample test question: Does Kidner say the book of Job presents Job's friends as hypocrites?
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He thinks it does NOT
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