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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who were the delegates at the constitutional convention primarily oriented towards?
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their States
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How were US senators originally elected, as laid out in the constitution?
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indirectly by the people through state legislatures that appointed them
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Plan ultimately adopted in the issue of state representation in the Am. Govt?
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Conneticut Plan
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how many amendments to the constitution are there currently
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27
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The US is considered to have a fed system due to the fact that...
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it contains both national and state govts
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Articles of Confederation placed most of the power in the hands of
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Individual states
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Which article of the constitution deals with the judicial branch?
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3
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Dual federalism is compared to ?
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layer cake
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people elect representatives that make policy and write laws is called a?
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Republic
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How did the Framers try to protect against the effects of excessive democracy?
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All of the above: staggered elections, electoral college, indirect elections, separation of powers
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During the CC, ________ states gravitated toward the _________ Plan, whereas ________ states favored the __________.
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larger, Virginia, smaller, new jersey
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Each state receives how many votes in the electoral college?
House seats + senate seats |
House seats + senate seats
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There are _____ electoral college votes total but a candidate must receive _____ votes to win the presidency.
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538; 270
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Alabama has how many electoral college votes?
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9
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Not a formal power of press granted by the constitution or by law?
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Line-item veto
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gerrymandering by spreading out voters of a particular type among many districts?
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Cracking
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Which is the major factor in presidential approval ratings?
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Economy
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president, house, senators, supreme court?
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4 year, 2 year, 6 year, life
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congressional committees that are temporary and often serve a specific purpose?
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Select committees
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branches from highest to lowest by approval ratings?
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supreme, pres, congress
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best definition of divided govt
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one house of congress and president are of different parties
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after the data from the next census is released, bama gains a house seat and mississippi loses a seat.. what is this process called
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reapportionment
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dual citizenship
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US citizen who is also a citizen of a state
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Devolution refers to the transfer of _____ from _____ to _____ governments.
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authority, national, state
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Article of executive branch
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article 2
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british govt viewed the Boston Tea Party as an act of?
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Terrorism
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Fact that california cannot charge non-californians a higher sales tax is the result of:
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equal privileges and immunities clause
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3/5 compromise
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how to measure states population size for representation in congress
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One reason electoral college is used for choosing president
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founders feared the press might be beholden to the US house if it were allowed to choose
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in terms of electoral college votes, all of the following states have "winner take all" philosophy except?
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Maine and Nebraska
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Not a prerequisite for office for a congress person?
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Unlimited free postal service use for any and all mail items
They do get: franking, domestic and foreign travel expenses, congressional pay |
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How many votes to end a filibuster?
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60
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cabinets are called head except which one
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department of justice
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term for granting of authority by congress to the president to be the first or main (something) in a policy area
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delegation
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____ begins impeachment proceedings, then case moves to ____ where it is presided over the ____?
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house of reps, senate, chief justice of supreme court
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Due to what researchers call the incumbency effect, _____ of congressional incumbents are reelected
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90%
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democratic caucus and republican_____
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conference
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president has right to prevent advice from becoming public
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executive privilege
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term for 2 house legislature
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bicameral
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prior restraint refers to?
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actions that prevent speech from being uttered
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govt is not supposed to designate any official religion.
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Establishment Clause
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article that deals with judicial
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article 3
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right of someone accused of crime
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all above
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supreme court used _____ process to apply bill of rights to state using _____ amendment
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incorporation, 14th
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3/5 compromise dealt with
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how to measure states population size
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harry truman ex orders 9980 made _____ the first desegregated institution
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US military
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discuss case and cast preliminary votes, sup court
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Conference
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Civil Rights
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guarantees of equal oppurtunities, privileges and treatment under law
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NAACP
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began by focusing on legal strategies, executive and legislative strategies, finally lobbied with executive branch
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Sherbert v Verner
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freedom of religion and free exercise clause
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equal rights amendment
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never
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womens suffrage amendment
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19th
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ruling slaves were not considered US citizens
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dred scott v Stanford
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civil rights amendments
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13 14 15
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separate educational facilities are inherently unequal
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Brown v board of education
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slavery de facto constituion
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3/5, importation, fugitive slaves must be returned to their owners
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plessy v ferguson
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segregation was ruled constituional so long as "seperate but equal" held true
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Not an external limit on supreme court
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all of the above
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marbury v madison
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judicial review
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alabamas federal court circuti
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11th
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current supreme court justices
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sotomayor, breyer, alito, kagan, scalia, kennedy, ginsburg
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majority side of ruling outlines additional considerations he thinks are important is called
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concurring opinion
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_ of _ to write of writ of cert
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4 of 9
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US supreme court was established by
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constitution
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1st african american on supreme court
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thurgood marshall
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which of the following statements about US district court is true
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vast majority of cases involving federal law are first tried in district courts
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founding fathers had what in mind for fed court system
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all of above
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special federal courts?
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fed claims, bankruptcy, international trade
-civil liberties is not one |
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in freedom of speech, burden of proof that speech restrictions are reasonable or unreasonable has
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shifted from individuals to govt
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all of the following types of speech are protected by 1st?
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non of above
libel, slander, commercial speech, obscenity |
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Parties do not organize around
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specific issues
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3rd parties are often formed around all of the following except
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specific nationality
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____ exercise political power by having their members elected, while ____ lobby
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political parties, interest group
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due to incumbency, almost __ of congressional incumbents are reelected
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90%
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Which article of the constitution refers to political parties
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none at all
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In 2006 Bushs low approval ratings led to republicans losing seats. this is due to parties being like
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brand names
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which has not risen above the status of third party
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libertarians
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which election years ussually have the best turnout
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presidential
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first to refuse public funds
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Bush
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not a valence issue
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abortion
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primary in which only registered independent voters may choose the party they vote for is known as a
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modified open party
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not eligible to become super delegates
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all of the above are eligible
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party associated with a proportional primary
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democratic
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voting based on previous performance
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retrospective
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____, ____, and _____ are biggest factors for voters when making a choice
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parisanship, issues, and canidate appraisal
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physcological state where someones are inconsistent with others is
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cognitive dissonance
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not objective of canidate
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increase turnout among other party' identifiers
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invisible primary
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winner of polling preprimaries,
winner of fundraising |
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for media to have an effect on voters choice all must be present
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exposure, comprehension, receptivity
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defense spending has become more importnat to voters after news shows a five part thing about defense
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priming
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moneys of campaign
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hard, soft, public
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coordinated of expenditure
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paying for a poll that will be used explicitly by a canidate or party during a campaign
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cia
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valerie plame
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all of the following are limitations of media influence
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selective perception, retention, exposure
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____ has first primary and ____ has first caucus
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new hampshire, iowa
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percent that votes for their parties canidate
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70-85%
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____ protect reporters from being required to reveal their sources; they are almost exclusively found at the ___ level
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shield laws, state
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most important location for political socialization
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family
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prior restraint
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actions that prevent speech before it was uttered
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which of the following do economists use to measure inflationary trends when deciding economic policy
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consumer price index
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to the elderly
poor and disabled |
medicare
medicaid |
