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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Major differences between House and Senate
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Senate: 6 years (435 members; population)
House: 2 years (100 members; 2 each state) |
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Incumbency advantage
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People that have held the seat previously receive more exposure on TV, so there is not much competition for them.
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Franking Privileges
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Free mailing for candidates
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Redistricting, reappointment, gerrymandering
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Redistricting-process in the United States of changing political borders
Reappointment- Redistribution of representation in a legislative body Gerrymandering-boundaries are deliberately modified for electoral purposes |
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Roles of the representatives
(delegate, trustee, politico) |
delegate-person who speaks or acts on behalf of an organization
trustee-holder of property on behalf of a beneficiary politico- person involved in politics |
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Different types of committees
(standing,select, joint, conference) |
standing-consider bills and issues and recommend measures for consideration by their respective chambers
joint-committee made up of members of both chambers of a bicameral parliament. conference-members of both chambers to resolve disagreements on a particular bill |
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Pork barrel projects vs. earmarks
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earmark- legislative provision that directs approved funds to be spent on specific projects or that directs specific exemptions from taxes or mandated fees
Pork Barrel- spending that is intended to benefit constituents of a politician in return for their political support |
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leadership roles in House and Congress
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House- Office of the Speaker, Office of the Majority Leader, House Majority Whip, Republican Whip
Senate- president of senate, president pro tempore, majority leader, minority leader, |
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discharge petition, filibuster, cloture
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discharge petition-bringing a bill out of committee and to the floor for consideration without a report from a Committee
filibuster-prevent vote on bill by holding floor cloture-bringing debate to quick end |
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Congress in declaring war, budget
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Congress has control of funding of country and control of waging war. without money there will be no war
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Impeachment process
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president has done unlawful acts and up for removal. House of Representatives the sole power of impeachment and the Senate the sole power to try convictions
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Presidential power changed from Washington to Obama
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Washington set standard for president and took little control while later presidents tried to take more control because they were up for more blame of country
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Paradox of presidency for founding fathers
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tried to get away from monarch power but needed a administrative head
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Role of electoral college
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vote for president and have more say than popular vote
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powers of president
(express, delegated, and discretionary) |
Express- powers of the President of the United States are mostly set down in Article II of the Constiitution
Delegated- powers in constitution discretionary- powers that aren't in constitution but are deemed necessary by president |
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president as chief executive
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head of executive branch
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executive orders
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an order issued by the President, the head of the executive branch of the federal government
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commander in chief
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able to send troops to another country as a conflict for 90 days without consent
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rally around the flag
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people support president more during crisis
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president as chief diplomat
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conduct foreign policy
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presidential doctrines
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statement by president for his agenda
ex. Bush doctrine |
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executive agreement
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agreement with other leader that is not approved by congress
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president as lawmaker
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power to veto bill, pocket veto, sign and make a law
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Honeymoon period
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100 days to 6 months where president is free of criticism so he/she can get used to office
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Role of Vice president
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1st in line for presidency, president of Senate, presides over the joint session of Congress
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politics
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process by which we choose gvn't officials to make decisions about public policy
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power
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getting people to do something that they wouldn't otherwise do
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social capital
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the worth that socializing has for politics (sharing of ideas, participation, etc)q
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different types of government
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direct democracy- political decision making extends to the entire citizenry
representative democracy- restrict popular decision making by appointing/electing officials to make decisions for us |
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ruling elite theory
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white, older, wealthy, well educated duders making public policy and runnin shit
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pluralism
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various groups trying to vie for gv't favor but have no long term dominance
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citizens can affect legislation
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by voting
thru reperendums-gives population to overrule a passed policy initiative- available in 24 states gives peeps the ability to make laws and changes to state constitution if they get enough john handcocks recall- remove a political leader (how the governator became the governator) |
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changing america
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more focus on younger crowd
more diverse growing older growing apart |
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why did we draft declaration of independance
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main point: state john locke's belief on natural born rights (given only to free white, land owning man. holy irony)
serves as a declaration of war against king george III rallied support, got dem niggas hyped |
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weaknesses of articles of confed
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recognized each colony as a sovereign entity so this restricted national control over them
didnt create a common currency across the board i. hampered INTERstate commerce and tax collection. *no executive, legisl, judicial branches *no financial stability (common currency) *military weakness *international weakness (each colony was doing international trading) *lacked quorum |
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great compromise
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compromise bt larger and smaller colonies on the format of the governemtn
compromise for bi-camearal house where lower house (house of reps) get represeantion based on poplation and upper house (senate) represantation based on equality |
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elastic clause
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gives congress the ability to pass laws that help enforce previously passed laws.
-big because it allows congress to be flexible |
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supremacy clause
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fed law> state law
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federalist vs anti-federalist
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federalist were for the new constitution
anti federalist- wanted more centralized power, didnt want common currency (most of em were farmers), worried about a free standing army |
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10th amednment
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any powers not expressively outlined in the constitution is given to the state/people
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judicial review
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gives US supreme ct the ability to oversee all courts and legislative bodies and deem rulings unconstitutional
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hofstader liberty
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he saw liberty as owning property
framers saw liberty as being able to participate in voting |
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wright mills-power elite
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the power elite are the leaders of the upper class
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amending the constitution
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2/3 of all state legislatures agree on a bill and then national convention is called, then ratified by 3/4 all states (not common)
or 2/3 of both houses of congress and then approval of 3/4 of states |
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federalism
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agreement of powers between states and national power
some powers go to state (reserved), some go to nationa (enumerated)l, some are concurrent (both), some are to neither of them (prohibited) |
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nullification
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says that states have the ability tto nullify national laws that are unenforceable and they disagree with
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dual federalism
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the idea that state and national goverment are two distinct entities, layered like a cake
(cooperative is the opposite- the two work together to solve public problems |
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devolution
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returned powers from national to state after reagan.
-cut budgets for nationally funded stuff, ended revenue sharing (welfare) the power swell came during the New Deal under FDR |
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categorical grants
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from national government that say 'we will fund you if you spend the money on this...'
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block grants
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from national gvnt that give you money for a broad use of things (healthcare, medicare etc)
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program and formula grants
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program-narrow guidelines and strict timeline (SGA funding)
formula grants- called this bc theyre based on mathematical formula. goes to those that need it most |
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unfunded mandates
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requirements that the state must meet . mandated with financial compensation.
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full faith and credit
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says that states must recognize legal transactions in other states
so someone owes a shit ton of money in KY, cant flee to OH to escape it |
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privelages and immunities
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says that each member of a state has the same pivelages and immunities of the other states
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madison's double security
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checks and balances keep gov't in check while they rule us.
were are protected by the gvt and they are protected from themselves |
