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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What challenged the Roman Catholic Church?
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ECONOMICAL REASONS:
1.The idea of interest when loaning money argued with Church beliefs POLITICAL REASONS: 1. People outside of Italy (where the Church was located) had a hard time getting a say in things. Italy a domination. 2. Church was stated hypocritical because the money donated to Church was used up all on priests rather than the poor. 3. Church corrupted because people saw indulgences (where you pay to be free of sins) as a bad way of getting into Heaven. |
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Who was Martin Luther (not King Jr.)? What did he believe?
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A religious reformer. He posted his 95-Theses (a document of 95 reasons why Church screwed up) right smack on the door of the Catholic Church. He believed that:
1. Salvation through faith, not money 2. Bible is the ultimate authority (not Pope) 3. All people can interpret the Bible - meaning they can have a personal touch with God, not through Church |
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Who was John Calvin? What did he believe?
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Was a religious reformer, inspired by Martin Luther. He believed that:
1. Predestination (Was born to whether afterlife will be Heaven or Hell [You can get out of Heaven, but cannot get out of Hell]) 2. Faith is revealed by living a righteous life 3. Work ethic |
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Who was King Henry VIII? How did he impact on the Reformation?
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Henry's main goal was to give birth to a son, so he can have an heir after Henry dies. However, he never got a son from his wife (who eventually grew too old). So, he wanted to file a divorce and marry a younger woman, who may hopefully get him a son. Except the Church vetoed it, saying divorce goes against the Bible. So, Henry dismissed the Pope. He established a Church of England, where the monarch is the leader.
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Who was Queen Elizabeth? What did she do?
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After King Henry died, his son (who he FINALLY acclaimed after 4 wives) took over, but then died before he hit is teenage years. So, one of King Henry's daughters took over. She passed an act that declared the Church of England be the official church of, of course, England. She also recognized that significance of exploration, thus started European Exploration.
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What was the reformation in Germany?
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Martin Luther operated in Germany, claiming loyalty to many German Princes. Martin got the Princes to convert religions (become a Lutherist), thus automatically converting all of the Princes' people. The pope no longer had rule over these Princes' property and land. With the rebels of the Princes, it started a war between Protestants and Catholics, thus starting the Thirty Years War.
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Reformation in France - What was it?
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Because of violence, the catholic ruler of France gave freedom to Huguenots (French Protestants). The ruler freed them with a document called Edict of Nantes (French: Édit de Nantes).
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Who was Cardinal Richelieu? What did he do to the war?
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Was a French king who allied France with the Protestants. Because of this, he was called a traitor for opposing against another Catholic, so he changed the aspect of the Thirty Years War from religious to political.
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Catholic Counter Reformation - What is it?
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The Catholic Church began to concern over those who questioned traditional practices. However, their slow pace of change caused millions of Catholics to transform into Protestants. So, to keep the Church from corrupting even more, the Church set off to find new followers.
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What was the Council of Trent?
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It was a document that adjusted almost all of Church's practices.
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Who were Jesuits?
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A society for Jesus who set off in missionary activities to get more people.
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What was the Inquisition?
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A church system for justice. This punished people who issued statements and did actions that went against the Catholic doctrine.
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What happened as outcomes of the Protestant Reformation?
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1. Religious Toleration (in other words, acceptance of different beliefs and religions)
2. Growth of secularism - where people began to worry less about religion and more about the world 3. Growth of individualism - People began to dress, act, and talk differently than the community around them (Began to turn different) 4. Europe became a religiously divided continent. |
