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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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compartmentalization |
-allows incompatible reactions to coexist in a single cell by confining them to membrane enclosed compartment |
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membrane organelles |
-nucleus, ER, golgi, lysosomes, endosomes, and mitochondria |
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endosomes |
sort endocytosed material
-often sent to lysosome and degraded but also allows some stuff to be recycled back (e.g. receptors) |
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lysosomes |
intracellular degredation
-contains hydrolytic enzymes and H+ pump |
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coated vesicles |
-vesicle budding is driven by the assembly of a protein coat -adaptin and then clathrin bind to receptors that have bound the cargo molecules -clathrin forces vesicle to bud by deformation of the membrane -dynamin pinches off the vesicle -once pinched, coat dissociates
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SNAREs |
-enables appropriate docking and fusion -v-snares on the vesicle find their appropriate t-snare and fuse at desired compartment |
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sorting endogenous proteins |
-most often organelle proteins are translated in the cytosol and transported into the organelle where they function -signal sequences guide proteins to their appropriate location -e.g. nuclear proteins carry Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS) that direct them through the gated nuclear pores; mitochondrial proteins are translated in cytosol and actively transported; ribosomes are directed to the ER by ER signal sequence and SRP |
