Properties Of Ionic Bonds

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Properties of Ionic Bonds

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1.hard and Brittle

2. Non conductive as solids

3. Conductive as liquid or aqueous

4. Soluble in Polar Solvents

5. High melting and boiling points

6. Low volatility

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Hard and Brittle

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-delocalized in lattice, blocks from alternating + and - charges

-ions do not move around much

-if hit with a strong enough force, crystal would shatter in multiple places, no clean break

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Non-conductive as solids

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Since ions occupy fixed space in lattice, their electrons cannot move around,thus, cannot conduct electricity

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Soluble in water (polar solvents)

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-Ionic compounds dissolve in water and other r polar solvents

-Water as a polar molecule, has partial charges on the H and O. These partial charges are attracted to anions and cations in lattice, surrounding individual ions with water

-non-polar molecules don't have partial charges: no attraction between solute and solvent, anions and cations retain lattice structure

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Conductive when liquid or aqueous

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-ions freely move when dissolved in water and become charge carriers

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Have low volatility

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Since ionic compounds have strong forces of attraction, the tendency for them to vaporize is low

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High melting and boiling points

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-Large amount of energy to break apart the strong electrostatic forces of attraction

Higher the charge, stronger force of attraction, higher melting point