Progressive Movement

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Progressive movement

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a broadly-based reform movement that reached its height early in the 20th century and is generally considered to be middle class and reformist in nature.

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John Dewey

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an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform.a major representative of the progressive and progressive populist philosophies of schooling during the first half of the 20th century in the USA.

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Scientific Management

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a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized workflows. Its main objective was improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity. It was one of the earliest attempts to apply science to the engineering of processes and to management.

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Ida Tarbell

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an American teacher, author and journalist. She was known as one of the leading "muckrakers" of the progressive era, work known in modern times as "investigative journalism".She became the first person to take on Standard Oil.

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Seventeenth Amendment

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established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote. It also alters the procedure for filling vacancies in the Senate, to be consistent with the method of election. It was adopted on April 8, 1913.

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Theodore Roosevelt

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the 26th President of the United States (1901-1909). He is noted for his energetic personality, range of interests and achievements, leadership of the Progressive Movement. He was a leader of the Republican Party and founder of the short-lived Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party of 1912.

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Trust Busting

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(law) government activities seeking to dissolve corporate trusts and monopolies (especially under the United States antitrust laws)

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Elkins Act

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a 1903 United States federal law that amended the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. It authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to impose heavy fines on railroads that offered rebates, and upon the shippers that accepted these rebates. The railroad companies were not permitted to offer rebates.

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Hepburn Act

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a 1906 United States federal law that gave the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) the power to set maximum railroad rates. This led to the discontinuation of free passes to loyal shippers

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The Jungle

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a 1906 novel written by journalist Upton Sinclair. Sinclair wrote the novel to point out the troubles of the working class and to show the corruption of the American meatpacking industry during the early-20th century. The novel depicts in harsh tones poverty, absence of social programs, unpleasant living and working conditions, and hopelessness prevalent among the working class, which is contrasted with the deeply-rooted corruption on the part of those in power. The author wanted to get rid of the "wage slavery."

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Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)

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a United States federal law that provided federal inspection of meat products and forbade the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated food products and poisonous patent medicines.

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Meat Inspection Act

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requires the United States Department of Agriculture to inspect all cattle, sheep, goats, and horses when slaughtered and processed into products for human consumption.The primary goals of the law are to prevent adulterated or misbranded livestock and products from being sold as food,

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Sixteenth Amendment

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allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results.

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Eugene V. Debs

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American union leader, one of the founding members of the International Labor Union and the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and several times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States. Debs eventually became one of the best-known socialists living in the United States.

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Federal Reserve Act (1914)

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the Act of Congress that created the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States of America, and granted it the legal authority to issue legal tender. The Act was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson.

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Clayton Anti trust

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enacted in the United States to add further substance to the U.S. antitrust law regime by seeking to prevent anticompetitive practices in their incipiency.The Clayton act specified particular prohibited conduct, the three-level enforcement scheme, the exemptions, and the remedial measures.