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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a closed globe injury?
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no broken orbital bones
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Why are puncture wounds so harmful?
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introduce infectious agents into the eye
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what is endophthalmitis?
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serious eye infection
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WHy are sinus infections so harmful?
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- close proximity to brain
- can erode bone and enter orbit |
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symptoms of a blowout fracture?
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- black eye
- blunt force to orbit - diplopia - lid swelling when nose is blown - limited eye motility |
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what does a crackling sound around skin indicate?
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air escaped into subcutaneous tissue --> sinus
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what type of problems are more likely in a patient with an infraorbital foreign body?
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fungal infection
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what can cause a subconjunctival hemorrhage?
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- ruptured blood vessel
- trauma - sneezing or coughing too hard - no Tx required |
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symptoms of corneal abrasion?
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- pain
- nasociliary nerve irritation - foreign body sensation - photophobia - corneal epithelium heals and rubbing of eyes causes same damage as before |
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Herpes Simplex Keratitis symptoms
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- foreign body sensation
- photophobia - dendritic figure (cornea erosion) Tx: antiviral medication |
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Corneal ulcer is an emergency?
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yes
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how caN a corneal ulcer occur? what are symptoms?
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from trauma, CL wearers with poor hygiene
severe pain, protrusion of cornea |
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Which are more irritating to the eyes?
Cu and Fe Cu and Brass Fe and Steel Steel and Brass |
Cu and brass
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Tx of corneal foreign body?
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anesthetic
taken out with stream of saline or needle |
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What are used to remove rust rings from a metallic foreign body?
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burrs
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most common radiation injury? Tx?
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UV absorption by cornea
Tx - patch for 24 hrs while epithelium heals |
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Tx for a thermal burn?
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- antibiotic drops
- patch |
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What type of burn causes permanent damage?
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infrared burn
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is a chemical injury an emergency? Tx?
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yes
flush liberally with excessive amounts of water or saline for 30 min |
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what is a hyphema? Tx?
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intraocular hemorrhage in anterior chamber
usually from blunt trauma some microscopic (only observed with slit lamp) Tx - dilating eye drops and steroids |
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Questions to ask for a red eye
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- uni or bilateral
- acute or chronic - ppt event - treatment to date - any similar episodes - itchiness - discharge - pain - diffuse or localized |
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unilateral red eye - could be?
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glaucoma
retinoblastoma |
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characteristics of allergic conjunctivitis?
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- bilateral
- red, itchy, teary - cobblestone lids - swollen lids Tx - anti inflammatory meds |
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characteristics of viral conjunctivitis? Tx?
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- begins with just one eye and spreads to other
- other family members will get it or kids at school - watery clear discharge - associated with upper respiratory tract infection, cold, sore throat Tx - none - viral |
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characteristics of bacterial conjunctivitis? Tx?
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- red eye
- purulent discharge - vision not affected - staph or strep usually cause it Tx: broad spec antibacterial |
