Professional Driver Test

Front 1

Effect on a vehicle traveling too fast in a curve?

Back 1

centrifugal force leads to rollover

Front 2

What is "control speed"?

Back 2

speed at which vehicle will travel downhill with the rpm just before governed speed (or max. rpm)

Front 3

When approaching an intersection for a turn . . . (4 points)

Back 3

1. adjust speed to avoid braking
2. check mirrors and blind spot - turn on signal light
3. select appropriate gear (no hands)
4. determine approach lane

Hint 3

4 points

Front 4

Describe "balanced braking."

Back 4

trailer brakes applied along with tractor brakes by use of the foot valve

Front 5

Should a vehicle become disabled, warning devices should be placed ________.

Back 5

60m in front and 60m behind

Front 6

Never use a(n) _______ extinguisher in an enclosed space.

Back 6

CO2

Front 7

When backing a trailer, front wheels must be turned in ________ you want to move the trailer.

Back 7

the opposite direction

Front 8

Important fact about height clearance in the winter . . . .

Back 8

snow build-up on highway can reduce overhead clearance

Front 9

All trucks with GVWR of more than _____kg must report to weigh stations.

Back 9

4500

Front 10

A front projection beyond _____m is not allowed unless ________.

Back 10

-1m
-authorized by a permit

Front 11

Maximum speed for farm equipment on roads is _______km/h

Back 11

40km/h

Front 12

Use the fire extinguisher only enough to _________. Keep some for _____.

Back 12

knock down flames
flare-ups

Front 13

GVWR stands for _______ includes ______.

Back 13

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
combined weight of vehicle and load

Front 14

Height permits will not be issued for loads that ________.

Back 14

cannot be reduced

Front 15

Before transporting oversized loads, _________.

Back 15

have proper permits

Front 16

Trailers left parked without spring brakes should . . . .

Back 16

have their wheels blocked to prevent rollaway

Front 17

Type of turn that should only be used as a last report . . .

Back 17

Lane Straddling

Front 18

Higher speed around a curve = greater ________

Back 18

centrifugal force

Front 19

When on a downgrade, gear selection should be made when?

Back 19

before going down the grade

Front 20

When the only room available to maneuver is within the intersection, use what technique?

Back 20

Button Hook

Front 21

Curving to the right requires keeping front wheels . . . .

Back 21

close to the centre line of the road

Front 22

Vehicle traveling around a corner has a force called _______

Back 22

centrifugal force

Front 23

curving to the left requires . . . . .

Back 23

keeping front wheels close to the right edge of the pavement

Front 24

Over-braking causes ______ which could result in ________

Back 24

-wheels to lock
-a skid

Front 25

On a steep downgrade, driver controls speed of vehicle by _______

Back 25

snubbing the brakes

Front 26

A slow-moving vehicle sign must be displayed on vehicles traveling _____ km/h or less

Back 26

40 km/h

Front 27

Technique to shrink the "danger zone"

Back 27

cover the brake

Front 28

Don't use a(n) ______ fire extinguisher in a closed space.

Back 28

CO2

Front 29

Why not water on gas, oil, or grease fire?

Back 29

this spreads the fire

Front 30

What to remember about shifting gears on a railway crossing?

Back 30

it is illegal

Front 31

What enables better steering control in a curve?

Back 31

applying power

Front 32

Action to take when being overtaken by a smaller vehicle

Back 32

reduce speed

Front 33

Why shouldn't you signal another vehicle to pass you?

Back 33

maybe over their abilities

Front 34

What are the hazards of running rear wheels over curbs when making sharp turns to the right?

Back 34

might hit poles, signs, light poles, etc.

Front 35

How do you adjust the 4 second rule for trucks?

Back 35

length of vehicle / 3 (m)
(never less than 4 seconds)

Front 36

Describe the "brake snubbing application" rule:

Back 36

snubbing should slow vehicle by 8km/h in 3 seconds

Front 37

If the rear end of the vehicle skids to the left, steer ______ to straighten out. Then . . . . .

Back 37

left
when almost straight, steer right so skid doesn't occur in opposite direction

Front 38

The "off-track" path is described as ________.

Back 38

a shorter radius than the path of the front wheels

Front 39

Engine retarders are more efficient at ____________.

Back 39

higher engine rpms

Front 40

Under inflation causes tires to wear at __________.

Back 40

the edges first

Front 41

Maximum height of a vehicle on a highway is ___ m,

Back 41

4.15m

Front 42

Extra long or wide loads should not be moved when?

Back 42

between hours of darkness

Front 43

If fire starts under the hood, do what?
If hood can't be raised . . . . .

Back 43

raise hood slightly to fight fire
spray fire extinguisher from underneath or through radiator

Front 44

In an electrical fire, _______ whenever possible.

Back 44

disconnect battery cables first

Front 45

If a fire occurs in a combination unit, ____________.

Back 45

disconnect tractor from trailer and separate if safe to do so

Front 46

If possible, always fight fires with _________ to lessen the chance of suffocation.

Back 46

the wind at your back

Front 47

Drivers should inspect ________

Back 47

firefighting equipment

Front 48

Examples of Class A fires: 2 examples

Back 48

paper and cloth

Hint 48

2 examples

Front 49

Transporting un-packaged material is called ________. Give three examples.

Back 49

bulk
sand, soil, woodchips

Front 50

Over-inflation causes tires to wear at ________.

Back 50

centre first

Front 51

Tire pressure should always be checked when _______.

Back 51

tires are cool

Front 52

Never let air out of ______.

Back 52

a warm tire

Front 53

The greater the distance between the front and rear wheels of a vehicle, the greater _______.

Back 53

the amount of "off-track."

Front 54

Braking in a curve introduces _______.

Back 54

a third force that increases centrifugal force

Front 55

When backing, use a guide that has _______ and ________.

Back 55

-view of vehicle's path
-eye contact with driver

Front 56

When backing, the approach should be planned so ___________.

Back 56

the area to be backed into is seen on approach

Front 57

If possible, back into the _________ and not the __________.

Back 57

view side, blind side

Front 58

Vehicles should be backed _______ rather than _________.

Back 58

out of traffic, into traffic

Front 59

When stopping at railway crossings keep at least _______ from nearest rail (restricted speed area) and ______ from the nearest rail (unrestricted speed area).

Back 59

5m, 15m

Front 60

Don't look at oncoming vehicle's headlights, rather ________.

Back 60

look at the right edge of the road

Front 61

For accelerator, driver's foot should be __________.

Back 61

flat on accelerator and heel on the floor

Front 62

Rather than one long backing maneuver, it is safer to _______.

Back 62

make a series of short backing maneuvers

Front 63

Max legal width of a vehicle operated on highways:

Back 63

2.6 metres

Front 64

Should airlines be connected before or after connecting the fifth wheel to the trailer pin?

Back 64

before

Front 65

If there are two lanes side by side with signs indicating that you are allowed to turn right from either lane, the turn should be made from _______.

Back 65

the left-most lane

Front 66

If the back end of the vehicle starts to skid, steer . . .

Back 66

in the direction of the skid

Front 67

Skids occur when ________.

Back 67

tires loose their grip on the road surface

Front 68

Braking force required to stop a vehicle varies directly with its _______ and _______.

Back 68

-weight
-speed

Front 69

What is meant by the "danger zone" of a vehicle?

Back 69

area in front of the vehicle in which the vehicle could not be stopped

Front 70

Never _______ when crossing railway tracks.

Back 70

shift gears

Front 71

Max. legal height of a vehicle:

Back 71

4.15 metres

Front 72

How can a driver anticipate change in traffic signal when approaching intersection?

Back 72

look for "stale green"

Front 73

What is the "danger zone" of a vehicle?

Back 73

Area in front of a vehicle in which you can't stop.

Front 74

Engine brake retarders are more effective ________.

Back 74

at high rpms

Front 75

Legal length for combination vehicle:

Back 75

21.5 metres

Front 76

Legal length for a tractor trailer:

Back 76

23 metres

Front 77

How may trailer brakes be applied independently of the tractor brakes?

Back 77

by use of a hand control valve

Front 78

A skid will occur when _____ is greater than ______.

Back 78

force of acceleration; the traction between tires and road surface

Front 79

Ten precautions to reduce probability of night driving accidents:

Back 79

1. reduce speed
2. check headlights so low beams reveal 30m
3. dim lights when oncoming (450m) or following (60m)
4. headlights clean
5. slow down when meeting vehicles or on curve
6. watch for vehicles and pedestrians stopped
7. caution when stopping
8. watch highway signs
9. windshield clean in and out
10. interior lights off

Front 80

Six (6) points for parking on a grade:

Back 80

1. set parking brake
2. stop engine and put in recommended gear
3. if 2-speed axle, put axle in low range
4. remove ignition key to lock ignition
5. turn wheels if on an incline
6. if tractor trailer, don't use trailer hand valve alone

Front 81

3 steps for backing a large vehicle (with no guide)

Back 81

1. step out of vehicle and look at backing area for hazards
2. check for clearances and obstacles on all sides (above as well)
3. enter cab, sound horn, and observe mirrors while backing slowly

Front 82

How can backing accidents be prevented? (5 points)

Back 82

1. minimize backing distances
2. use a guide whenever possible
3. plan approach so area is seen
4. back into the view side - not the blind side
5. back out of traffic

Front 83

2 advantages of using engine brake retarders:

Back 83

1. keeps engine at control speed
2. engine stayed below governed speed

Front 84

If weight and speed is doubled, braking force must be ______.

Back 84

8x

Front 85

If speed of vehicle is doubled, braking force must increase by ______

Back 85

4x

Front 86

If vehicle weight is doubled, braking force must be _____.

Back 86

doubled

Front 87

Defensive measures when approaching an intersection (2 related):

Back 87

take foot off accelerator

Front 88

How does a fast driver create a traffic hazard? (3 points)

Back 88

1. not leaving enough space to stop in front
2. increased lane changing = more potential for mistakes
3. mental fatigue

Front 89

How does a slow driver create a traffic hazard?

Back 89

Increased chance of accident from side or behind (impatient drivers may follow too close or pass when not safe)

Front 90

Pre-hill check for trucks with hydraulic brake systems (4 points):

Back 90

1. pedal reserve
2. vacuum booster operating
3. drums for overheating
4. visual inspection for hydraulic fluid leaks

Front 91

Six (6) points to check on pre-hill inspection:

Back 91

1. compressor maintaining full reservoir pressure
2. slack adjusters for push rod travel
3. check for airleaks
4. security of glad hands and lines
5. drums for overheating
6. emergency valve operation

Front 92

9 points for in-service inspection

Back 92

1. wheel lugs and nuts
2. tires (condition/pressure/overheating)
3. hubs and drums for heat
4. brakes for operation
5. coupling devices
6. load security
7. drive lines and oil leaks
8. lights and windshield
9. record in-service inspection in log book

Front 93

Main areas and order of vehicle inspection (7 points):

Back 93

1. approaching the vehicle
2. parking brake set
3. under the hood
4. driving compartment
5. emergency equipment
6. walk around
7. trailer hitch

Front 94

5 things on a pre-trip inspection:

Back 94

1. license plate/unit# of vehicle and trailer
2. date of inspection
3. list of safety defects
4. statement of no defects (if the case)
5. name and signature

Front 95

5 factors that determine max. allowable GVWR

Back 95

1. # of axles
2. spacing of axles
3. size of tires
4. rated capacity of the tires
5. rated capacity of the axles

Front 96

What is required for vehicles with oversize/overweight loads? one main thing with 4 points

Back 96

A PERMIT
a) height over 4.15m and has loads that are irreducible
b) over weight but not in excess of tire capacity
c) width exceeding 2.6m
d) length is irreducible and carried on a tractor trailer/comb. vehicle

Front 97

Results of placing too much weight over one set of wheels or axles (5 points)

Back 97

1. poor steering
2. poor traction
3. poor braking
4. strain on equipment
5. accident due to overloading axle or tires

Front 98

4 points to avoid skids

Back 98

1. reduce speed according to road conditions
2. keep space between you and other vehicles
3. check trailer in rear view mirror - if trailer starts to skid release pressure on brake
4. avoid using trailer brake hand valve by itself

Front 99

If a skid is caused by downshifting into too low a gear, do what?

Back 99

press clutch down and allow the vehicle to slow down

Front 100

3 causes of skidding

Back 100

1. over-braking
2. over-accelerating
3. over-steering (especially in a curve)

Front 101

To maintain control in gusting or strong winds (6 points)

Back 101

1. reduce speed
2. grip steering wheel firmly
3. compensate for wind gusts as soon as vehicle moves off course
4. avoid passing other vehicles
5. increase following distance
6. keep away from other vehicles on either side

Front 102

5 points for driving with reduced visibility

Back 102

1. reduce normal driving speed
2. turn headlights to low beam (fog lights)
3. slow down when you see headlights/taillights
4. be prepared for emergency stop
5. if speed is greatly reduced, turn on hazards

Front 103

Adjusting to bad road conditions requires (7 points)

Back 103

1. starting out at a slow speed
2. lowering speed to suit condition
3. using light brake applications to avoid wheel lock-up
4. avoid sudden or jerky movements of the wheel
5. keeping windows clear - defrosters
6. keep enough ventilation in the cab
7. staying alert for pedestrians, ice patches, etc.

Front 104

Drivers may cross a railway crossing when warning lights are flashing if (5 points)

Back 104

1. vehicle is brought to a complete stop
2. crossing is not protected by gates or barriers
3. crossing is within a restricted speed area
4. train is stopped or is at a safe distance
5. crossing may be done safely

Front 105

Precautions when leaving vehicle to prevent runaway (6 points)

Back 105

1. set parking brake
2. stop engine and place transmission in recommended gear
3. if two-speed axle, put axle in low range
4. remove ignition key
5. if on a hill, turn wheels
6. do not use trailer hand-valve only

Front 106

If you don't have a guide, to back a vehicle a driver must (3 points):

Back 106

1. step out of vehicle and look at backing area for hazards
2. check for clearances on all sides of vehicle
3. enter the cab, sound the horn, and observe both mirrors

Front 107

Procedure for reducing hazards in a curve (2 points):

Back 107

1. lower speed before entering curve
2. gradually apply slight power while in the curve

Front 108

3 methods of making turns (know how these are done):

Back 108

1. Button Hook
2. Extended Approach
3. Lane Straddling

Front 109

Procedure for lane changing (4 points):

Back 109

1. check mirrors for traffic to side of vehicle
2. activate signal
3. check mirrors again including convex mirror
4. make lane change leaving signal on

Front 110

In loading tires, it is critical to balance ________.

Back 110

the cooling rate with the heating rate

Front 111

2 types of wheel failures:

Back 111

1. wheel comes off the hub
2. entire wheel assembly dislodged from vehicle

Front 112

Normal tire wear exposes the wear indicators between ________.

Back 112

two or more adjacent grooves

Front 113

2 points when checking tires

Back 113

1. tread wear should be even around circumference of tire
2. tread wear should be checked in three spots on each tire

Front 114

Hydroplaning can occur when a combination or ______, ______, _____, or _______ cause tires to loose traction.

Back 114

speed; tire wear; tire inflation; depth of water

Front 115

To proceed down a steep grade, at which point should a driver gear down?

Back 115

before starting downhill

Front 116

A clutch makes it possible to disengage ________.

Back 116

transmission and engine

Front 117

Double-clutching means _______.

Back 117

depressing clutch for each movement of gear shift lever

Front 118

2 ways to know when to change gears

Back 118

1. according to rpm
2. according to kph

Front 119

Shifting to lower gear with automatic transmission is used to ______ (2 points)

Back 119

1. save brakes when descending steep hills
2. drive on slippery surfaces

Front 120

What 4 factors determine the braking distance?

Back 120

1. weight of vehicle
2. condition of brakes
3. condition of road surface
4. speed

Front 121

Who is responsible if a load is allowed to escape form a vehicle?

Back 121

the driver and the owner

Front 122

If you see a train coming, get ready to ________.

Back 122

stop

Front 123

A "wide load" sign should not be displayed when ________.

Back 123

wide load is not actually being transported

Front 124

A wide load sign must be displayed for vehicles exceeding ______m in width.

Back 124

2.6m

Front 125

An escort vehicle is required for vehicles exceeding ____m in width.

Back 125

4.6m

Front 126

What effect does braking have on an unsecured load?

Back 126

may shift forward

Front 127

Maximum legal width of a vehicle is _____m.

Back 127

2.6m

Front 128

Precaution taken when crossing the center line of roadway to turn right from a narrow roadway.

Back 128

check mirrors to be aware of surrounding traffic

Front 129

Overhead clearance hazards that may not be identified (5 points)

Back 129

1. fire-escapes in alleys
2. vehicle entrance doors
3. building canopies
4. low wires across driveways
5. tree limbs

Front 130

Bulk loads require _________.

Back 130

a tarp

Front 131

Big problem with tanker trucks:

Back 131

shifting weight

Front 132

Most tanks are considered full when _______.

Back 132

tank has reached 70% capacity

Front 133

Tow trucks must be equipped with _______ visible from ______.

Back 133

flashing amber light; 150m

Front 134

At the end of your day you must complete ________.

Back 134

a post-trip inspection

Front 135

How to calculate follow interval in ideal road conditions?

Back 135

round to nearest metre and divide by 3 (never more than 4 seconds)

Front 136

Minimum follow distance of a commercial vehicle outside of restricted speed area:

Back 136

90 metres

Front 137

What's the most effective way of dealing with a tailgater?

Back 137

assist them to pass

Front 138

Best way of reducing stopping distance:

Back 138

reduce speed

Front 139

What is the effect of turbulence on smaller vehicles? (2 points)

Back 139

1. can be forced off highway
2. can be drawn into side of large vehicles

Front 140

When using a guide for backing, what's the best position? (2 points)

Back 140

1. guide should have clear continuous view of backing path
2. guide must be visible to driver at all times

Front 141

Minimum distance from railway track you can park:

Back 141

30m

Front 142

What determines amount of off-track that a vehicle will have?

Back 142

greater then distance between front and rear wheels of the vehicle

Front 143

At night there must be a(n) ______ at the extreme rear of an overhang.

Back 143

red light or reflector

Front 144

When transporting dangerous goods, you must report (4 points):

Back 144

1. any emission or discharge
2. dangerous occurrence or accident
3. loss or theft
4. delay in delivery of explosives

Front 145

All trucks with GVW above _____kg should carry two ______ or two ______.

Back 145

3,700Kg; flares (lights or lanterns); reflectorized devices

Front 146

What should you do if a skid is caused by over-braking?

Back 146

release the brake so that wheels can start to spin

Front 147

Majority of load on a tractor trailer should be placed _________.

Back 147

over the midway point of the trailer

Front 148

Which office should be contacted if load is over-sized?

Back 148

Highways and Transportation: The Permit Office

Front 149

Best method of applying the brakes
a) on an icy surface without ABS
b) control speed on a steep grade

Back 149

a) pumping the brakes
b) snubbing the brakes

Front 150

Why should you avoid overtaking another vehicle when only a slight speed difference?

Back 150

avoid traveling alongside vehicle for prolonged periods

Front 151

Why reduce speed at night?

Back 151

so you can stop within distance seen by headlights

Front 152

Stopping without anti-lock brakes on icy surfaces requires ________ or _______.

Back 152

light release on the brakes; pumping

Front 153

During excessively wet conditions or after driving through water, do what?

Back 153

test brakes by putting on brakes slightly for a short distance to dry them out

Front 154

The degree of sharpness a vehicle will turn depends on what 2 factors?

Back 154

1. turning radius of front wheels
2. amount of off-track of rear wheels

Front 155

The driver of a large vehicle must lead the turning arc of the front wheels in accordance with ________ and _______.

Back 155

the sharpness of the curve; amount of "off-track" of the vehicle

Front 156

When descending on a steep grade, watch for ________.

Back 156

air pressure increase with each application of the brake

Front 157

Help drivers to pass by _______.

Back 157

safely reducing speed

Front 158

Legal length for a single vehicle:

Back 158

12.5m

Front 159

Pilot vehicle must follow vehicles with overall length of _____m.

Back 159

30m

Front 160

On trailers, payload should spread equally between ________ and _______.

Back 160

rear tires; 5th wheel

Front 161

Lamp requirement for oversize vehicle or load (3 points):

Back 161

1. 2 lamps (green or amber) visible to oncoming vehicle
2. 2 lamps (red) visible to vehicles approaching form the rear
3. 2 lamps (green or amber) visible to oncoming and read to rear approaching on the far left and right of the load

Front 162

Pilot vehicle is required for vehicles above _____m length.

Back 162

30m

Front 163

Vehicles required to report to weigh scales?

Back 163

ALL vehicles with a GVWR of 4500kg+

Front 164

3 types of vehicles required to stop at railway crossings:

Back 164

1. regular buses
2. school buses
3. vehicles containing flammable materials

Front 165

Jackknifing occurs when _______.

Back 165

tractor's drive wheels lose traction and are pushed over left or right by forward momentum of the trailer

Front 166

Engine retarders are used in addition to _______ to ensure control speed.

Back 166

snubbing the brakes

Front 167

When coupling to a trailer equipped with airbrakes, important that ________.

Back 167

trailer is secured

Front 168

2 things that pilot vehicles must display?

Back 168

1. yellow flashing light
2. wide load sign (D)

Front 169

A heavy concentrated load should be placed _________ on its ______.

Back 169

near the rear axles; long side

Front 170

Anyone who handles, transports dangerous goods must be _______ or ________.

Back 170

a trained person; performing those duties under direct supervision of a trained person

Front 171

In an air bag equipped vehicle, position seat _________.

Back 171

at least 10 inches from the steering wheel

Front 172

Fire extinguishes marked _______ extinguish grease, oil, fuel, and electrical fires. This is called a ______ fire extinguisher.

Back 172

B.C.; multi-purpose dry chemical

Front 173

Overhang flags must be at least _______ square and you must be able to see it from at least _____m behind the vehicle.

Back 173

30cm; 60m

Front 174

When inspecting tires of a vehicle >4500kg, check what wrt. tread depth?
<4500kg

Back 174

front steering tires not less than 3.2 mm; rear tires not less than 1.6mm

not less than 1.6 mm on each tire

Front 175

One of the main reasons why wheels come off trucks:

Back 175

improper maintenance after installation of a tire

Front 176

Describe how lug nuts loosen...

Back 176

rim heats and expands when traveling; rim contracts and cools when vehicle stops

Front 177

Tires should not be ________ in wet conditions.

Back 177

under-inflated

Front 178

When a lug nut is being torqued and the nut is tight, what is a condition that could indicate a serious problem?

Back 178

if more than 2/3 of a turn with a torqued wrench is needed

Front 179

2 signs of bearing failure

Back 179

1. oil leaks from bearing assembly
2. extremely hot wheel hubs

Front 180

2 areas of air turbulence

Back 180

1. saddle tank area
2. immediate rear of trailer

Front 181

Braking in a curve can cause (3 points):

Back 181

rollover; skids; jackknife

Front 182

When are headlights required to be on? and under what conditions?

Back 182

1/2 hour before sunset until 1/2 hour after sunrise; visibility is reduced to 60m or less

Front 183

Dim headlights at least ___m from oncoming vehicles.

Back 183

450m

Front 184

Most important thing for control when accelerating:

Back 184

slow and steady

Front 185

How often for vehicle inspection (2 points)?

Back 185

1. before 1st trip of the day
2. before the first rest stop on subsequent days

Front 186

What is required when a coupling device is used to join vehicles in combination?

Back 186

an additional coupling device such as a chain or cable

Front 187

How do you test to see if 5th wheel jaws have locked to trailer pin?

Back 187

pull trailer gently forward with trailer brakes applied

Front 188

Always hook up air lines at this time:

Back 188

BEFORE engaging fifth wheel to trailer pin and AFTER separating

Front 189

If trailer is left for any length of time, make sure to _________.

Back 189

block the trailer wheels

Front 190

Preventative measures a driver should take when entering a narrow bridge from a curved approach (3 points):

Back 190

1. observe max. height
2. observe max. weight
3. slow down

Front 191

When towing a disabled vehicle, distance must not exceed _____m.

Back 191

5m

Front 192

Every commercial vehicle must have a ___________ in their possession for the vehicle and trailer.

Back 192

current trip inspection report

Front 193

Condition to consider for safe driving speed? (3 points)

Back 193

1. road conditions
2. traffic tempo
3. visibility

Front 194

What determines "control speed" to proceed down the hill?

Back 194

speed at which vehicle will travel downhill with rpm just before governed speed (max rpm)

Front 195

Prime factor for control on a curve?

Back 195

speed

Front 196

How to test safety on icy surface?

Back 196

start slowly and gently brake

Front 197

It is illegal for trucks to follow closer than ______m.

Back 197

90m

Front 198

Describe technique for driving through water.

Back 198

lightly apply brakes when approaching water and place a slight drag on brakes when driving through water

Front 199

Majority of the weight of a load on a truck should be placed _______.

Back 199

slightly ahead of rear axle

Front 200

When skidding, the basic principle is to......

Back 200

correct the cause of the skid

Front 201

Must have a class 3 license to drive a truck more than _____kg,

Back 201

4550kg

Front 202

Describe "micro-sleep"

Back 202

short period of time (seconds) when brain tunes out

Front 203

2 requirements for children in child restraints: (child must be...)

Back 203

1. under 5
2. under 23kg

Front 204

Procedure for entering a runaway lane (3 points):

Back 204

1. remove foot from accelerator
2. hand on tight to steering wheel
3. steer straight up the lane

Front 205

Special attention should be given for low overhead non-posted clearances such as: (5 of them)

Back 205

1. fire escapes in alleyways
2. vehicle entrance doors
3. building canopies overhanging the roadway
4. low wires across driveways
5. boulevard tree limbs

Front 206

A permit is required for widths exceeding _______.

Back 206

2.6m

Front 207

You must use a ______ if load overhangs by ______m.

Back 207

red flag; 1m

Front 208

Don't use _____ to flight fires. Rather use _____, _______, or ______.

Back 208

water
fire extinguisher; sand; dirt

Front 209

Retreaded tires are not to be used on ________.

Back 209

steering axles

Front 210

During a trip, the driver should stop _____ to check condition of the wheels.

Back 210

every few hours

Front 211

A vehicle traveling in a straight line has ______.

Back 211

momentum

Front 212

When backing it is good to sound the horn _________.

Back 212

for each vehicle length traveled

Front 213

Black ice forms because of ________. Where is it found?

Back 213

condensation; bridges and overpasses

Front 214

The right gear depends what four factors:

Back 214

1. the transmission
2. the engine it is attached to
3. the load the vehicle is carrying
4. the highway being driven on.

Front 215

7 steps for uncoupling a tractor and trailer:

Back 215

1. Set the spring parking brakes.
2. Check where the landing support pads will contact the ground to ensure that the surface is firm enough to support the trailer
3. Lower the landing supports using high gear until the pads contact the ground, then slide the handle shaft to the low gear and crank until the
trailer weight is partially lifted off the tractor.
4. Unlock the fifth wheel coupler.
5. Release the spring parking brakes. Apply the trailer brakes with the hand valve, pull ahead
slowly until the trailer kingpin is released from the fifth wheel. Stop the tractor in this position in case the landing supports fail, then the trailer would still be supported by the tractor.
6. Disconnect the air lines and electrical cable, connect the glad hands to the dead end connectors if so equipped.
7. Pull the tractor clear of the trailer.

Front 216

12 steps for coupling a tractor and a trailer.

Back 216

1. Before coupling the trailer, inspect the condition of the kingpin as well as the trailer apron.
2. Back the tractor in a straight line to the trailer with the fifth wheel opening in line with the trailer apron.
3. Stop before the fifth wheel makes contact with the trailer apron.
4. Check the fifth wheel coupler jaws to make sure they are open. Check the height of the fifth
wheel with the trailer apron; raise or lower the trailer landing supports as required.
5. Connect the air lines of the braking system and the light cord to the trailer.
6. Check that cargo in the trailer is secure and that no one is inside the trailer or behind it.
7. Check that the trailer’s sliding bogie lock bars pins are in position.
8. Open the tractor supply valve to charge the trailer. Apply the trailer brakes (test for application) and release (if trailer brakes do not release, air lines may be crossed).
9 Re-apply the trailer brakes and back under the trailer until the fifth wheel coupler jaws lock on the trailer kingpin.
10. Pull the trailer with a gentle tug forward with the trailer brakes applied to test if the coupler is locked.
11. Apply the parking brake.
12. Look under the trailer and visually check that the fifth wheel coupler jaws are properly locked
around the kingpin and the trailer is resting flat on the fifth wheel.
13. Raise the landing supports and securely stow the crank. On air ride trailers, supply air bag suspension with air.

Front 217

9 fire prevention rules:

Back 217

1. Never start a vehicle with a fuel leak. Repair the leak, wipe up any fuel spilled on the vehicle and
the ground.
2. Shut off engines when refuelling vehicles.
3. Always ground the fuel hose nozzle against the filler pipe of the truck tank when fuelling.
4. Don’t smoke in garages or near fuelling areas.
5. Never throw cigarette butts out of vehicle windows.
6. Check tire pressure often. Soft tires build-up heat. Tires which have been run when soft or flat
should be left to cool before the vehicle is moved. If you must move the vehicle, the tire should be replaced first.
7. Ensure parking brakes are fully released and service brakes are adjusted properly. Dragging
brakes generate heat and can ignite grease in the wheel hubs when the vehicle stops. Make frequent checks of hubs and brake drums for overheating.
8. Never start propane heaters with the trailer van doors closed.
9. Keep fire extinguishers in good
working condition.

Front 218

Recommended exercise schedule for drivers:

Back 218

exercising three times for 10 minutes over the course of the day.

Front 219

Define circadian rhythms.

Back 219

the internal clock that tells the body when to wake or sleep

Front 220

Depending on an individual’s makeup, most people require how much rest per night?

Back 220

between six and eight hours

Front 221

Fatigued drivers may also experience ____________ where they become inattentive because of
uninteresting terrain.

Back 221

“highway hypnosis”

Front 222

Define "highway hypnosis."

Back 222

Fatigued drivers become inattentive because of uninteresting terrain.

Front 223

________ is the length and quality of sleep a person receives daily.

Back 223

Sleep hygiene

Front 224

Define sleep hygiene:

Back 224

the length and quality of sleep a person receives daily

Front 225

Air bags work because they reduce the shock of the collision _________________.

Back 225

by distributing the impact over a larger surface area of the body

Front 226

When your vehicle is desabled, place reflectors so that they will be _____________.

Back 226

illuminated by lights of any approaching vehicles

Front 227

Vehicles transporting loose hay, straw or fodder can be loaded to a maximum of ___m overall width.

Back 227

3.7 m

Front 228

As a professional driver you will have to ensure that your vehicle is properly maintained by performing
_____ and ______ inspections and, when necessary, ______ and _____ inspections.

Back 228

pre-trip; post-trip; in-service; pre-hill

Front 229

Holder of a class 3 licence can drive buses with seating capacity of between ____ and ___ passengers. Also school buses with capacity of between __ and ___ passengers.

Back 229

10-24; 10-36

Front 230

Applicants for either a Class 1, 2 or 3 driver’s licence, who have never held that class of driver’s licence from any jurisdiction must wait at least ______ after they
are issued Authorized Instruction in that class before taking a road test.

Back 230

two weeks

Front 231

Carbon monoxide (CO) is dangerous because it is ______________.

Back 231

so hard to detect

Front 232

Exercise can be accumulated during the day. This can be accomplished by exercising _________ over the course of the day.

Back 232

three times for 10 minutes

Front 233

How much sleep do most people require per night?

Back 233

between six and eight hours

Front 234

The internal clock that tells the body when to wake or sleep are called _______.

Back 234

Circadian rhythms

Front 235

If enough sleep is not obtained over an extended period, the body will start to ________ that must be ________.

Back 235

accumulate sleep debt; repaid

Front 236

Fatigued drivers may experience _________ where they become inattentive because of
uninteresting terrain.

Back 236

“highway hypnosis"

Front 237

This ________ has been developed to help drivers and companies manage the driver fatigue factor, which is a major cause of truck accidents.

Back 237

hours of service regulation

Front 238

Three types of vehicles that MUST carry fire extinguishers:

Back 238

1. public service vehicles used for carrying passengers
2. vehicles used for carrying flammable goods (loaded or not)
3. pilot vehicles

Front 239

Always place reflectors so that they will be ________.

Back 239

illuminated by lights of any approaching vehicles.

Front 240

A fire extinguisher marked B.C. will extinguish what types of fires? (4)

Back 240

grease, oil, fuel and electrical fires

Front 241

At night you can see ____m with low beams and ____m with high beams.

Back 241

30m; 110m

Front 242

Benefit of avoiding abruptly applying and releasing the accelerator?

Back 242

optimal engine performance

Front 243

Avoid releasing the clutch
too quickly because . . . .

Back 243

this can damage components leaving the vehicle un-operable.

Front 244

Why should you not let the clutch out too slowly or release it only enough to hold the vehicle from rolling on a hill when stopped?

Back 244

will cause the clutch to heat excessively and wear out prematurely.

Front 245

What is a clutch brake?

Back 245

stops the rotation of the main shaft gears in the transmission when the clutch pedal is pressed all the way to the floor.

Front 246

Two things to remember about a clutch brake.

Back 246

1. You must not press the clutch all the way to the floor when changing gears when the vehicle is in motion.
2. The clutch brake should be engaged only when the vehicle has come to a complete stop.

Front 247

Advantage of double-clutching.

Back 247

Makes shifting gears faster and smoother.

Front 248

Trick to double-clutching . . .

Back 248

matching rpms to gear needed

Front 249

Motor vehicle engines have a speed range within which they operate efficiently. It is often between _____ and ______ rpm.

Back 249

1200 and 1800

Front 250

Most accurate way to know when to shift gears . . .

Back 250

tachometer

Front 251

Convex mirrors make things look _______ than they really are.

Back 251

smaller and farther away

Front 252

The braking force required to stop a vehicle varies directly with its ________.

Back 252

its weight and speed

Front 253

Describe "snubbing the brakes."

Back 253

brake application is made at intervals to reduce the vehicle’s speed and then the brakes are released.

Front 254

The driver should not allow the vehicle
speed to increase _________ before
snubbing the brakes.

Back 254

8 km/h over the control speed

Front 255

Snubbing the brakes helps to prevent ________.

Back 255

over-heating of the brakes

Front 256

Engine retarders should be used in addition to ________ to ensure the vehicle is kept at the control speed and the engine stays below the governed rpm.

Back 256

snubbing the brakes

Front 257

Engine damage could occur if the speed of the vehicle is allowed to push an engine over the ___________.

Back 257

governed engine speed

Front 258

The amount of control the driver can maintain over a vehicle depends upon the amount of ________________.

Back 258

friction between the tires and the road surface

Front 259

Over-inflation of a tire also results in
less _________, which reduces _________.

Back 259

tread surface touching the road; the amount of traction

Front 260

Problem with an under-inflated tire in wet conditions . . .

Back 260

An under-inflated tire will not squeeze the water out from under the tire surfaces as well as a correctly inflated tire will

Front 261

Pressure should be checked and adjusted when ____________.

Back 261

the tires are cool

Front 262

If the tire has the correct pressure when it is cool, the normal heat build-up will cause the pressure in the tire to _____________.

Back 262

increase and reduce the amount of wall flexing, controlling the heat build-up

Front 263

Lug nuts should be retorqued at each ______________.

Back 263

major servicing of the vehicle or trailer

Front 264

When the entire wheel assembly fails, it is usually the result of _________.

Back 264

a bearing failure

Front 265

What is one of the toughest and most important skills for any driver to learn?

Back 265

backing up

Front 266

It is illegal to park a vehicle within ____ m of the nearest rail of a railway crossing unless otherwise posted.

Back 266

30m

Front 267

If the vehicle is equipped with a _____________, the driver can reduce the braking effort to the front wheels to improve the steering on slippery roads.

Back 267

manual front brake limiting valve

Front 268

The recommended speed limit for vehicles with a maximum G.V.W of 7 tonnes or greater is ____ on all ice roads.

Back 268

15 km/h

Front 269

With winter ice road driving, _______ is recommended for better visibility of traffic.

Back 269

night travel

Front 270

When approaching land or meeting
other trucks on an ice road ________ to prevent an _______.

Back 270

reduce speed; ice way rebound

Front 271

Trucks should be ____________ when travelling in the same direction on an ice road.

Back 271

staggered 1 km apart

Front 272

To prevent hydroplaning: (3)

Back 272

1. Check your tires for wear and inflation regularly.
2. Reduce your speed even more when facing standing water and puddles.
3. Drive in the tracks of preceding vehicles.

Front 273

If the driver lowers the tire pressure on a warm tire . . .

Back 273

the cooling balance is upset
and the tire will generate more heat.

Front 274

When making a turn, the rear wheels of the vehicle should remain within ____ of the curb or side of the roadway.

Back 274

1.5m

Front 275

If a vehicle is parked within _____ of the intersection in the curb lane then it is okay to ________ if it does not interfere with traffic.

Back 275

30m; turn into the next lane nearest the curb lane

Front 276

Turn your right turn signal on about ____m from the intersection (_____m outside cities, towns or
villages).

Back 276

30m; 150m

Front 277

When doing a "button hook" turn, if you have to stop for a traffic light. . .

Back 277

do so far enough back that you will be able to make your turn

Front 278

When would you use the "extended approach for a turn?

Back 278

when the street you are turning from has traffic moving around you and the street you are turning onto is wide with ample room to manoeuvre.

Front 279

Except for a motor vehicle pulling a pole trailer, the draw bar or coupling device between the motor vehicle and the trailer shall not exceed _____ in length.

Back 279

5 m

Front 280

If the overall height exceeds ____ the permit must be approved by the _________, and if the height exceeds ____, _______ must also approve the permit.

Back 280

4.6 m; Manitoba Telecom Service
5.2 m; Manitoba Hydro

Front 281

Vehicles transporting loose hay, straw or fodder can be loaded to a maximum of _____ overall width.

Back 281

3.7 m

Front 282

Load securement devices are allowed to extend an additional ______ beyond the overall width on each side of the vehicle.

Back 282

10 cm

Front 283

When the width exceeds 4.6 m, escort vehicles, equipped in accordance with ________, are required both _________.

Back 283

The Highway Traffic Act and its Regulations; in the front and rear of the escorted vehicle

Front 284

Permits are not issued for overlength
loads carried on a type of truck other than _______ or _____________.

Back 284

a tractor trailer; a combination type of vehicle

Front 285

For pilot vehicles with oversized loads, _____ must be enforced at exits and entrances to highways while the vehicle is turning.

Back 285

flagging

Front 286

On a two-lane or four-lane highway, a pilot vehicle shall precede and follow the oversize vehicle or load at a distance of not less than
_____ and not more than _____;

Back 286

100 m; 500m

Front 287

Annually, the Minister of Manitoba Transportation and Government Services will announce ____________.

Back 287

spring road restrictions

Front 288

A _________ load should be placed near the rear axles and on its long side if possible.

Back 288

heavy concentrated

Front 289

The basic difference between loading trailers and trucks is, in the case of trucks, the average design provides for about ____ of the
payload on the rear tires and ___ on the front tires.

Back 289

90%; 10%

Front 290

The average tractor trailer has a central weight distribution point at ________.

Back 290

approximately the middle of the trailer

Front 291

Remember a valid _______ licence or higher is required to operate heavy and agricultural equipment on provincial highways and roads in
urban areas.

Back 291

Class 5 Intermediate Stage

Front 292

Training certificates for dangerous goods handling must be renewed
every ________.

Back 292

36 months

Front 293

In the transportation of dangerous goods, the consignor is responsible for: (2)

Back 293

1. supplying the initial carrier with the appropriate safety marks, like placards, (with the correct UN or NA / Product Identification Number as applicable)
2. providing the initial carrier with the shipping document or waste manifest, as required.

Front 294

In the transportation of dangerous goods, the consignee is responsible for: (2)

Back 294

1. completing, signing and forwarding all required documents for wastes to the proper authorities;
2. meeting the requirements of a consignor when returning empty packages, containers or vehicles that are not cleaned or purged so that no hazard exists.

Front 295

The Dangerous Goods Transportation Act divides dangerous goods into _______ according to ________.

Back 295

nine classes; the type of hazard
involved.

Front 296

In the transportation of dangerous goods, ________ must be completed before offering the product for shipment.

Back 296

classification

Front 297

UN or NA / Product Identification Numbers are ____ numbers that are assigned to ____________.

Back 297

four digit; a specific product

Front 298

For bulk shipment of dangerous goods, the _________ is required.

Back 298

Product Identification Number

Front 299

After dangerous goods have been unloaded, a danger still exists because of . . . The regulations
provide that the carrier’s copy of the shipping document is to be marked ___________ and stay with the transport unit until ______.

Back 299

residues that remain in the transport unit; “residue last contained”; it has been emptied, cleaned or purged so that no hazard exists

Front 300

When transporting “waste” dangerous goods, a _____ that is prescribed in the regulations must be used.

Back 300

“manifest”

Front 301

Why should tankers not be filled completely?

Back 301

It is important the tank not be filled completely with these liquids because if heated they will expand and overflow or damage the tank.

Front 302

A "highway train" is defined as . . .

Back 302

a combination vehicle made up of a tractor, more than one trailer

Front 303

Combination vehicles with more than one trailer are subject to _________ which means ________.

Back 303

“rear amplification”; the lateral acceleration by the tractor increases
to the rear trailers

Front 304

The highway tractor amplification
factor is two, which means that the tractor’s lateral acceleration is _________.

Back 304

doubled at the rear trailer

Front 305

Jackknifing can be caused by one of the following three reasons:

Back 305

1. The rear wheels of the tractor skid as a result of irregular braking or poor traction.
2. The rear of the tractor swings forward as a result of irregular braking, an extremely uneven road surface, high winds or an abrupt turn of the steering wheel.
3. The tail trailer pushes the lead trailer because of uneven load distribution and abrupt braking.

Front 306

When the jackknife angle is over _____, stabilizing the vehicle is almost impossible.

Back 306

15 degrees

Front 307

When jackknifing, once the skid starts, if no corrective action is taken, the critical point can be reached in about ________, after which it is virtually impossible to recover stability.

Back 307

one and a half seconds

Front 308

What determines the order of trailer hitching in a highway train?

Back 308

When connecting the trailers, the heaviest trailer should be hitched to the tractor.

Front 309

Details for "approaching the vehicle" inspection step: (3)

Back 309

a. Vehicle body for damage
b. Under vehicle for fluid leaks
c. Wheels blocked

Front 310

Details for "Under the Hood" vehicle inspection step: (5)

Back 310

a. Fluid levels
b. Drive belts
c. Radiator
d. Hoses and components
e. Frame rails and cross members

Front 311

Details for "Driver Compartment" vehicle inspection step (10)

Back 311

a. Seat and seat belts
b. Mirrors
c. Windshield wiper and washer
d. Horn
e. Lights
f. Steering wheel free play
g. Gauges and warning lights
h. Accelerator pedal
i. Heater and defroster
j. Windshield and windows

Front 312

Details for "Emergency Equipment" vehicle inspection step: (3)

Back 312

a. Flags, flares or reflectors
b. Fire extinguisher
c. First aid kit

Front 313

Define a commercial vehicle: (3)

Back 313

a. a motor vehicle with a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more that is a public service vehicle or commercial
truck;
b. a bus with a seating capacity of 11 or more, including the driver, that is used for transportation of persons or property on a highway for gain or compensation
c. a school bus.