Probability And Statistics Chapter 1 Review

Front 1

What would be a good way to obtain a safety fact on teenage drivers with a supporting chart, or graph?

(Answers will vary) for example: a good way to obtain this information is from the police station

Back 1

Front 2

Researchers carried out a study to help figure whether whitening strips or bleaching gels are more effective. On the group they gathered, they put the gel on one side of each volunteers mouth, and the strips on the other. The results showed that the patients teeth had no greater difference on one side compared to the other. Was this study an experiment or an observational study? Explain.

It is an experimental study because it deliberately imposes treatment on individuals.

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Front 3

Researchers obtain a list of all applicants for public housing in Chicago last year. Some were accepted, while others weren't, was this an observational study or experimental? Explain.

This was an observational study because the researchers did not do anything to effect the information.

Back 3

Front 4

100 student volunteers are divided in half. One group was put on a high fitness program and the other on a low fitness program. All students then took a test to measure leadership, the results are compared. Explain why we would want to survey students who volunteer for a fitness program?

(Answers may vary) for example: Students who volunteer are likely to have a higher fitness level

Back 4

Front 5

You and your friends want to find out who has the "coolest" car. What variables would you record? Which are quantitative?

(answers may vary) for example: paint, age, added touches, lights, gears, mpg, size. From these age, gears, mpg, and size might be quantitative variables.

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Front 6

If I divided a group of people in half and told them to each wear different colours to see which one bees are more attracted to, what variables would be recorded?

number of people, number of bees, amount of time exposed to the bees, what colour shirts they are wearing are all examples. Answers may fluctuate. Not all answers required.

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Front 7

List some variables you would expect to see on a nutritional label for a Hamburger?

(Answers will vary) for example: restaurant, calories, fat, cholesterol, sodium

Back 7

Front 8

What is misleading about this graph?

The y axis goes up in small increments making the bars drastically different when it isn't as large as a difference it looks.

Back 8

Front 9

What is misleading about this graph?

The y axis goes up in small increments making the bars drastically different when it isn't as large as a difference it looks.

Back 9

Front 10

List variables in the graph.

Number of students, colour of juices.

Back 10

Front 11

Describe how you would design a study to figure out wheher compressed air or nitrogen in your tires helps you get better mpg.

(Answers will vary) for example: use 6 of the same cars with same mileage that have 3 different tire brands on them. fill 3 of the cars with nitrogen and the other 3 with compressed air. Make sure they ride on the same road the same distance.

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Front 12

Describe how you would design a study to try and find what percent of teens have tattoos?

(Answers will vary) for example: take a survey of students at your high school.

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Front 13

Observers recorded the number of words females and males uttered a day. In the end they were very close. Was the study conducted an observational or experimental study?

An observational study because nothing was inflicted on the study subjects to change the outcome of the observation.

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Front 14

a pie chart shows that 49% of Americans eat meat daily, 34% eat meat at least three times a week, and 6% eat meat once per week or less. What would be a reasonable question of interest in this case?

(Answers will vary) for example: Do a majority of Americans eat meat on a daily basis?

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Front 15

According to the National Institute on Media and the Family, a preschoolers risk of obesity jumps 6% for every hour of television watched per day and 31% if the TV is in their rooms. What would be a reasonable question of interest in this case?

(Answers will vary) for example: Do most preschoolers have TV in their bedrooms?

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Front 16

Samantha compared the absorbency of three paper towel brands, she placed them in 3 different amounts of water and squeezed out as much water as she could, then measured what was in the cylinder. Identify two sources of variation from this.

The different brands and the different towels from the same brand experimented with.

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