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39 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
5 biologic theories
- biologic clock theory
- free radical theory
- wear and tear theory
- immune system failure theory
- autoimmune theory
Cells programmed to live a certain amount of time, then break down and die
Biologic Clock Theory
Cells are damaged by toxins in the environment, including the waste products from metabolism
Free Radical Theory
Organs eventually wear out like machinery
Wear and Tear Theory
System loses ability to protect the body from disease, and becomes more susceptible to diseases that eventually kill us
Immune System Failure Theory
Body no longer recognizes itself and begins to attack itself and breakdown
Autoimmune Theory
3 psychosocial theories
- disengagement theory
- activity theory
- continuity theory
Normal for older people to withdraw from each other
Disengagement Theory
People who are active and interested continue to enjoy life and live longer
Activity Theory
Individuals' basic personalities remain constant; they cope with aging similar to how they cope with other stages of life
Continuity Theory
A continual process of biologic, cognitive, and psychosocial change tha begins at conception
Aging
Aging
- your ___ of aging influences your definition of being old
- a major contributor to longer life is is that people are ___ throughout their lives now than they were 100 years ago
- the ___, ___ person generally lives longer
- perception
- healthier
- optimistic, happy
A systematic sterotyping of and discrimination against people simply because they are old
Ageism
The study of the aging process
Gerontology
The care of aging people
Geriatrics
Described by Butler in 1968 as a negative attitude and practices which are directed to the elderly
Ageism
Are normal physical changes of aging
Benign Senescence
Integumentary System
- skin is __, ___, and less ___
- skin ___ easily and and takes longer to ___ when injured
- ___ and ___ production decreases
- hair color ___ or becomes ___
- nails become ___ and ___
- hair and nails grow at a ___ rate
- thinner, drier, less elastic
- bruises , heal
- sweating, oil
- fades , gray
- thick, dry
- slow
Musculoskeletal System
- muscles ___
- muscles ___ in strength
- bones lose ___, become ___, and ___ easily
- joints become ___ and ___
- vertebrae ___
- ___ and ___ joints flex slightly
* ___ intervertebral disks
* ___ bone calcium
* ___ muscle mass
* ___ ligaments and tendons
- atrophy
- decrease
- strength, brittle, break
- stiff and painful
- shorten
- hip and knee
* thinned
* decreased
* smaller
* less elastic
Nervous System
- touch and sensitivity to pain ___
- ___ to the brain is reduced
- vision and hearing ___
- ___ occurs
- ___ are lost
- ___, ___, and ___ are slower
- decrease
- blood flow
- decrease
- forgetfulness
- brain cells
- reflexes, response, reaction times
Cardiovascular System
- arteries ___ and are less ___
- blood pressure ___
- heart muscles work ___ but are ___ at pumping
- reduced ___ in extremities
- narrow , elastic
- increases
- harder , less effective
- circulation
Respiratory System
- respiratory muscles become ___
- lung tissues becomes ___
- * ___ alveolar walls
- * ___ respiratory muscles
- * ___ vital capacity
- weaken
- less elastic
- * thickened
- * weakened
- * decreased
Digestive System
- ___ production of saliva and digestive juices
- slower ___ leading to constipation
- ___ appetite that results in ___
- ___ and difficulty digesting ___ foods
- difficulty ___
- possible loss of ___
- decreased
- digestion
- decreased , weight loss
- indigestion , fatty foods
- swallowing (dysphagia)
- teeth
Urinary System
- kidney function ___
- the kidneys ___
- blood flow to the kidneys is ___
- bladder muscles ___
- bladder size ___
- in men, the ___ enlarges
- ___ are most common risks
- decreases
- atrophy
- reduced
- weaken
- decreases
- prostate gland
- UTI
Urinary Incontinence
- ___ is one of the most common reasons for institutionalization
- clothing should be ___
- voiding should be ___ or ___
- keep the skin clean and dry to prevent ___
- UTI
- easy release
- prompted or habit (timed)
- skin breakdown
6 nursing interventions for urinary incontinence
- provide ___ every ___ hours
- keep record of ___ and ___
- provide ___ to assist with bladder leakage
- always provide patient ___
- provide a ___ on urinary problems
- problems must be reported to the ___
- * ___ mL/h of urine needs to be accounted for
- toileting (bathroom) opportunities , 2 hrs
- intake and output (I/O)
- products
- privacy
- mini-teaching seminar
- physician
- * 30 mL
Preventing Falls
- assess ___
- change positions ___
- use a ___ if needed
- educate to keep ___
- ensure proper ___ and ___ treatments
- limit bed ___
- medications
- slowly
- gait belt
- active
- arthritis and osteoporosis
- confinement
The pysicial, psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual factors that affect a person's feelings and attitudes about his or her sex.
Sexuality
Most people older than ___ have at least one ___ health problem
- 75 , chronic
Cognitive Aspects of Aging
- Schaie's stage of cognitive development is called the ___, which states that older adults can be ___
- ___ can be maintained into advanced years
- ___ of thinking may be slow but thinking ___ remain intact
- ___ or ___ deficits are not cognitive dysfunction
- reintegrative stage , selective about how they spend their time
- intelligence
- speed , processes
- vision or hearing
Psychosocial Aspects of Aging
- Erikson's stage of development is called ___ vs ___
- this is the time for ___ one's life
- ego integrity vs despair
- reminisence
Is someone who supports or promotes the needs and interests of another person
- acts on behalf of ___ and ___ residents in long term care
Ombudsman
- nursing center and assisted living residents
Ombudsman
- investigate and resolve ___
- provide services to ___ residents
- provide information about ___ services
- monitor nursing center ___ and ___
- provide ___ to resident and family groups
- complaints
- assist
- long term care
- care and conditions
- support
Long Term Care Residents
~ Obudsmen Program
- have the right to voice ___ and ___
- have the right to ___ with anyone of their choice
- grievances and disputes
- communicate privately
3 theories of aging
- Biologic Theory
- Psychosocial Theory
- Genetic Theory
The following are examples of ___ :
- negelected personal hygiene, irregular dressing, soiled clothing
- home neglect
- making unusual purchases
- confusion about medication
signs that an older person needs help
Constipation
- 4 factors associated with constipation
- signs and symptoms may include ___ or ___, ___, the passing of ___, and loss of ___
- decreased bowel motility, bed rest, pain medication, poor diet
- abdominal cramping or rectal pain, abdominal distension, small amounts of liquid stools, loss of appetite
The physical changes that are measured and that occur in a steady and orderly manner
Growth
The relation to changes in mental, emotional, and social function
Development