Prnu 101-Ch.19- Nursing Ethics

Front 1

A system of standards or moral priciples that directs actions as being right or wrong

Back 1

Ethics

Front 2

System dealing with right or wrong behavior (conduct) and character

Back 2

Morals

Front 3

The worth a person assigns to an idea or action; based on a individual's age, experience, and maturity level, and are freely chosen

Back 3

Values

Front 4

Ethics is concerned with what 6 words?

Back 4

- Right
- Wrong
- Good
- Bad
- Ought
- Duty

Front 5

Based on changes in ___, one's code of ethics / morals can be shifted

Back 5

- values

Front 6

The values and principles governing nursing practice, conduct, and relationships

Back 6

Nursing Ethics

Front 7

Nursing Ethics:
- focused on 3 responsibilities

Back 7

- ideal behavior
- morality
- higher standards

Front 8

States statutes that apply to all licensed persons and the situations in patient care that could result in legal action

Back 8

Legal Aspects

Front 9

Legal Aspects:
- focused on 3 responsibilities mandated by law

Back 9

- rules
- regulations
- obligations

Front 10

3 sources ethical codes in nursing

Back 10

- NAPNES codes
- NFLPN codes
- Nurse Practice Acts

Front 11

Nursing- Past
- study of nursing
- assessments
- patient concerns / expectations
- nurses job

Back 11

- study: disease oriented
- assessments: did not exist
- patient concerns: were not addressed and required to follow physician's orders
- job: see that the physician's orders were followed

Front 12

Nursing- Present
- contributions
- nursing care
- patients role
- role / philosophy

Back 12

- contributions: s/t special to contribute to patient care
- nursing care: implemented nursing process
- patients role: played an active role in their care plans
- role/phil: was changed by adding nursing process and critical thinking

Front 13

When roles of nursing began to change, patient's were seen as more than ___

Back 13

- a disease

Front 14

Multipdisciplinary team that assists with difficult ethical decisions; usually discusses what is relevant to new or unusual ethical questions

Back 14

Ethic Committee

Front 15

Western secular belief system is based on ___ and ___

Back 15

- individual autonomy
- individual rights

Front 16

Individual Autonomy:
- definition
- focus

Back 16

- "self rule"
- have the freedom to choose whether or not to seek health care

Front 17

Individual Rights:
- definition
- in health care

Back 17

- the ability to assert one's own rights; has restrictions
- become the central theme of health care

Front 18

The 3 main ethical responsibilities of nurses are ___ , ___ , and ___

Back 18

- patient advocacy
- acccountability
- peer reporting

Front 19

The patient needs to be informed of what you will be doing with him or her
- ex:

Back 19

Patient Advocacy
- steps of a procedure

Front 20

You are answerable to yourself, your assigned patient, to the team leader, to the physician, and your instructor, who evaluates your work

Back 20

Accountability

Front 21

Reporting coworkers for behaviors that are potentially harmful to patients

Back 21

Peer Reporting

Front 22

Principles of Ethics
- Learning about ethics is more than being able to recite the definition to pass a test, it means being able to ____

Back 22

- help make ethical decisions when ethical dilemmas arise

Front 23

Nonmaleficence
- definition
- focus of treatments
- examples

Back 23

- (do no harm) doing the least amount of harm possible to a patient
- most beneficial treatments involve harming the patient to some extent
- ex: skin puncture ( IV )
- drug side effects ( vaccine )
- physical manipulations ( moving, cleaning, irrigating )

Front 24

Beneficence
- definition
- is the basis of ___ in nursing
- 2 major nursing duties

Back 24

- "Do Good"
- trust
- 1.) put the patients interests first
- 2.) place the good of the patients before your needs

Front 25

Autonomy
- definition
- 4 steps

Back 25

- "Free to Choose"
- 1.) Thinking through all the facts
- 2.) Deciding on the basis of an independent thinking process
- 3.) Acting based on personal decision
- 4.) Undertaking a decision voluntarily

Front 26

Autonomy
- 2 areas associated with a patient's autonomy
- give 3 examples of each

Back 26

- 1.) Patient's right to privacy
- ex: choose care based on personal beliefs
- ex: accept or reject treatment
- ex: avoid needless exposure
- 2.) Personal values may be contrary to medical ethics
- ex: patient can refuse care for religious, cultural, or personal reasons

Front 27

Fidelity
- definition
- as a nurse you must maintain ___
- as a nurse you must differentiate between your ___ and ___
- does not include ___ or ___ decisions

Back 27

- (Be True) acting in a patient's best interests when they are unable to make free choices
- patient confidentiality
- personal feelings and the patient's feelings
- resuscitation or paternalistic

Front 28

Justice
- definition

Back 28

- (Fair to All) give patients their due and treat each patient fairly and equally with dignity and respect

Front 29

Beneficent Paternalism
- definition
- uses the phrase ___
- discounts the patient's ___
- often occurs with ___ patients in response to ___ health issues

Back 29

- a disrespectful attitute toward the patient and their contribution to personal care and recovery
- "I know what's best for you"
- self-knowledge
- female patients, female-specific

Front 30

Example:
- Not going off of duty until your patient has been handed over to another nurse who is able to continue care where you left off

Back 30

Beneficence

Front 31

Example:
- Reporting a medication error immediately if you accidentally gave your patient the wrong medication

Back 31

Beneficence

Front 32

Example:
- Going to work even though you thought about calling in sick to go out of town

Back 32

Beneficence

Front 33

Example:
- The patient, a Jehovah's Witness, could benefit from a blood transfusion for severe blood loss. The adult patient has refused because a blood transfusion is forbidden by his religion.

Back 33

Autonomy
- religion based

Front 34

Example:
- A young woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. Her husband has received a complete explanation from the physician about her illness, alternatives for each treatment, anticipated effects, possible side effects, and prognosis with each treatment. Her husband will not permit any treatment to take place.

Back 34

Autonomy
- culture based

Front 35

Example:
- A man in his late sixties is diagnosed with advanced cancer of the colon. He has refused to have treatment, even though he understands that while not curative, the surgery could result in less discomfort for a period and more time to live.

Back 35

Autonomy
- personal value based

Front 36

Example:
- Discussing a patient in a public area such as the cafeteria, an elevator, at home, or with friends

Back 36

Fidelity

Front 37

Example:
- Giving all of your acutely ill patients the same level of care regardless of their different levels of wealth, social status, culture, religion, and moral and value systems.

Back 37

Justice

Front 38

Example:
- When collecting data on a patient you do not really hear what they are telling you because you have decided in advance that the patient fits into a specific category

Back 38

Beneficent Paternalism

Front 39

Example:
- Assisting the RN with developing a care plan without the patients input

Back 39

Beneficent Paternalism

Front 40

Example:
- Influencing a patient's choice on a treatment or surgery

Back 40

Beneficent Paternalism