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44 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the privileges and limitations for a Private Pilot according to FAR Part 61.113? (2 unable, 5 able)
Cannot
1) NOT act as PIC for A/C carrying passengers for compensation/hire, EXCEPT if flight is incidental to the business or employment
2) NOT Pay less than pro-rata share of expenses for flights w/ passengers
CAN
1) Act as PIC for Charitable/non-profit flight
2) Be reimbursed for expenses related to search and rescue sanctioned by proper authorities
3) Demonstrate an aircraft in flight to buyer if you are a salesman and have 200 hrs logged
4) Act as PIC of A/C towing glider provided you meet 61.69 requirements (100 hrs in cat & class, etc)
5) Act as PIC for light sport aircraft
What documents are required for a flight? (3)
a) Valid Medical Certificate
b) Photo ID
c) Valid Pilot's License
What does a pilot need to stay current? (2)
a) 3 Landings within 90 days (T&G-day, night-Full stop), if carrying passengers
b) Biannual Flight Review (every 24 months)
What is needed on board plane need to be considered Airworthy? (ARROW)
A-Airworthiness Certificate
R-Registration
R-Radio Operators License (International)
O-Operating Limitations & Placards
W-Weight & Balance Certificate (Located in POH)
What Logbook Requirements are needed to make plane Airworthy? (PEETA)
P-Pitot Static Certification (every 2 years)
E-ELT Certification (Every 12 months, if used > 1 hour or < 50% battery life
E-altimiter Encoder Certification (every 2 years)
T-Transponder (every 2 years)
A-Annual Inspection & AD's
Weather Reports
METAR
How often do they come out and what do they include?
METAR - METeorological Area (or Aviation) Report
An hourly observation report for a specific area, generally an airport.
KTVC 040353Z 07004KT 1 1/2SM -SN BR BKN013 BKN017 OVC029
[LOCATION][DAY/TIME][WIND DIRECTION/SPEED][HORIZONTAL VISIBILITY][PRECIPITATION][PRECIPITATION][CLOUD LEVELS][CLOUD LEVELS][CLOUD LEVELS]
Weather Reports
TAF
TAF - Terminal Aerodome Forecasts
A quarterly (4 times per day) report of forecast conditions for each 6 hour period in the next 24 hours.
The "aerodrome" is the area within 5 miles of a forecast point, generally an airport.
Weather Reports
Prognostics
Prognostic Chart (low-level)-forecasts of surface to 24,000 ft.
-12 & 24 hour charts of Surface-low-level(compare)
-helps give general routing away from Airmet/Sigmet regions

Frequency: 4 times per day
Weather Reports
Airmets
What categories and how long are they valid?
Weather phenomena, particularly hazardous to small, single-engine aircraft
Triggered by:
-Sierra (visibility/IFR conditions) - 4 hours
-Tango (Moderate turbulence) - 4 hours
-Zulu (Moderate Icing) - 4 hours
Weather Reports
Sigmets
What categories and haw long are they valid?
Hazardous weather significant to all aircraft
Sierra - Dust, sandstorm, or volcanic ash - 4 hours
Tango - severe turbulence - 4 hours
Zulu - Rapid and severe icing - 4 hours
***Hurricane related Sigmets are special case and valid for 6 hours.
Weather Reports
Convective Sigmets
Current hazardous weather related to thunderstorm activity, significant to all aircraft.
WINDS>50KTS
HAIL>3/4"
TORNADOES
COVERAGE>3000 square miles
valid for 2 hours
Weather Reports
Area Forecast
General conditions predicted over a wide region
-Good source for enroute Weather
-Issued 3 times per day in 48 states
Weather Reports
Winds Aloft Forecast
Decode:
3,000: 2426
9,000: 990012
30,000: 275550
39,000: 760653
(FD-Forecast Direction)-Estimate of temperature and wind direction
3,000: 2426 = At 3000ft, winds from 240 at 26KTS. No low level temperatures are predicted.
9,000: 990012 = light and variable at 12C
30,000: 275550 = At FL300, winds from 270 at 55KTS. Minus 50 Celsius. Minus sign omitted >FL240.
39,000: 760653 = At FL390, winds from 260 at 106KTS and minus 53C
If abbreviated wind direction is greater than "36," subtract 50 from direction and add 100 to speed. If winds add up to 199, winds may be over 200KTS, since 199KTS is the limit of standard weather notation.
V-Speeds
Vr, Vx, Vy, Vbg
Vr (55kts) - Rotation Speed at Takeoff
Vx (62kts) - Best Angle of Climb (produces greatest gain in Alt. for distance traveled
Vy (74kts) - Best Rate of Climb (produces greatest gain in Alt. for unit of time
Vbg (68 mph) - Best Glide Speed (speed that provides greatest lift to drag ratio and greatest gliding distance
V-Speeds
Vs0, Vs1, Va, Vn0, Vne
Vs0 (40kts) - Stall speed in landing configuration
Vs1 (48kts) - Stall speed in clean configuration
Va (100 [90-105]kts) - Maneuvering speed
Vn0 (129kts) - Max Structural Cruising Speed - no abrupt controls or wind sheer
Vne (163kts) - Never Exceed Speed: no operation above this speed
V-Speeds
Vfe
Vfe (110/85kts)-Max flap extension speed. Do not extend flaps above this speed
Weight & Balance
How to Calculate Useful Load & Payload
Max Ramp, Takeoff, and Landing Weights?
Max Ramp Weight - Empty Weight = Usable Load
Usable Load - Fuel Weight = Available Load
Max Ramp Weight = 2558
Max Takeoff Weight = 2550
Max Landing Weight = 2550
Runway Markings
What color are lights for runway edge, taxi, beginning, end, etc?
Runway - White approach lights (light up in sequence), Green RWY leading edge, White along RWY, Red RWY end
Taxiway-Blue
Rotating Beacons
What colors are GA airport, Military Airport, Heliport
and Water based airport?
White and Green-Lighted Land Airport
White, White, Green-Military Airport
Green, White, Yellow-Heliport
White, Yellow-Lighted Water Airport
What are the emergency squawk codes and meaning?
7500-Hijacking
7600-Radio Out, (Light signal gun at field)
7700-General Emergency
What are the Light Gun Signals used by tower during Radio Out procedure?
Steady Green-Cleared for takeoff, Cleared to Land
Flashing Green-Cleared for taxi (return to land)
Steady Red-STOP! (give way to other A/C, continue circle
Flashing Red-Taxi Clear of Runway, Do not land (unsafe)
Flashing Red and Green-Use Caution
White-Return to Starting Point
What are the rules for Alcohol and flying?
8 hours wait, Limit is .04 BAC
What is the emergency frequency to be monitored on Comm2?
121.5 (ELT broadcast)
What is the frequency and purpose for Flight Watch?
122.0, 122.2, 122.3

Flight Watch can be used to check/avoid weather, give info, etc. More info than Flight Service (122.1)

Must be above 5,000' to acquire signal
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class B VFR
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
Conditions-3 miles and clear of clouds
Mode-C & Clearance required to enter
Student (with Endorsement)

Chart-thick Blue line
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class C VFR
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
3 miles & 1-5-2
Mode C & Establish Positive 2-way communication

Chart-thick Magenta line
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class D VFR
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
3 sm & 1-5-2
Establish 2-way radio communication


Chart-Blue (Dotted) line
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class E VFR below and above 10,000'
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
3 sm & 1-5-2 (below 10,000)
5 sm 1-1-1 (Above 10,000)
No Special Equipment Required


Chart-Magenta (Dotted) line for surface floor
-Magenta (Shaded) Line for 700' floor
-Blue (Shaded) line for 1200' floor
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class G VFR from surface to 1,200' Day & Night
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
Day-1 sm & Clear of Clouds
Night- 3 sm & 5-1-2

*can operate in Class G at night below 1,200' AGL when vis <3 sm but more than 1 sm in airport pattern and within 1/2 nm of Runway

No Special Equipment Required
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class G VFR from 1,200' to 10,000' Day & Night
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
Day- 1 sm & 5-1-2
Night- 3 sm 5-1-2
Airspaces
Define Parameters for Class G VFR above 10,000'
[clouds, equipment, license, map depiction]
5 sm & 1-1-1
What are the Special VFR Minimimums?
1 mile and clear of clouds

**no night SVFR unless instrument rating and A/C is IFR Certified
Oxygen Requirements
Define Oxygen Requirements
Below 12,500-No Oxygen Required
From 12,500 to 14,000 for more than 30 minutes-Pilot must be on Oxygen
At 14,000-Entire Crew must be on Oxygen
at 15,000-Passengers must be offered oxygen & crew required
Scuba Diving
Define Scuba Diving Requirements
Flying below 8,000 ft-Dont fly for 12 hours
Above 8,000 ft-Dont Fly for 24 hours
Any dive that requires controlled ascent-24 hours regardless of altitude
FAR 91.205 Required Equipment
Define Required Equipment
TOMATO
FLAMES
FLAPS
TOMATO FLAMES, FLAPS
T-Tachomemeter
O-Oil Pressure Gauge
M-Manifold Pressure Gauge
A-Altimeter
T-Temperature Gauge
O-Oil Temperature Gauge
F-Fuel Quantity Gauges
L-Landing Gear Indicator Lights
A-Airspeed Indicator
M-Magnetic Compass
E-ELT (emergency Equipment)
S-Seatbelts

F-Fuses
L-Landing Light
A-Anti Collision Lights
P-Position Lights
P-Power Source
S-Spare set of Fuses
Altitudes
Define True, Absolute, Pressure & Density Altitude
True-above Sea Level
Absolute-Above Ground Level
Pressure-IA adjsuted for Non-std temp (set Alt to 29.92)
Density-I Altitude corrected for Non-STD Temp and Pressure (need press alt. & OAT to calculate)
Airspeeds
Define Indicated, Calibrated, True and Ground speed
Indicated (IAS)-Read from Airspeed Indicator
Calibrated (CAS)-Found in POH, adjustment for IAS
True (TAS)-CAS adjusted for non-std temp and pressure
Ground (GS)-TAS adjusted for wind
Checkride Notes
Checkride Notes
-Climb to 1,500' before turning X-wind
-Do not use checklist when moving
-Depart Pattern at 45' angle
Turns about a point
Turns about a point
-Steepest angle of bank is at highest GS (with wind)
-Start at 2,000' and tell them you are assuming 800' agl
-Do at 40' bank angle
S-Turns
S-Turns
-Enter at 2,000+' AGL
-Steepest angle of bank is with wind
-Predicated on GS
Spin Recovery
Spin Recovery
Power to Idle, Opposite Rudder, Neutral Aielrons & Elevator
FDC-Notam
Regulatory in Nature
-contain TFRs (temporary flight restrictions)
-contain navigational chart amendments
-contain instrument approach procedure amendments
What general topics do parts 60, 70, and 90 of the Federal Aviation Regulations pertain to?
60 Series-Airmen
70 Series-Airspace
90 Series-Air Traffic & Operation Rules
Define "spin" as it pertains to stalls
A spin is a situation in which one side of the aircraft has stalled more than another, creating a high-drag, low-lift situation on that side. This drops the wing and turns the aircraft to a degree proportional to the difference in drag between the varying stalls. This occurs most often in a slow, uncoordinated turn.