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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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primitive reflexes
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exibited by infants but not neurologically intact adults
- are in response to a certain stimuli |
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primitive reflexes are inhibitied by...
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the frontal lobes
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primitive reflexes may re-appear in adults due to:
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- dementia
- traumatic lesions - strokes - CP (retained from birth) |
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moro reflex
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ie startle reaction
- the leags and head extend - arms jerk up with palms up and thumbs flexed - then arms and hands flex and infant cries |
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walking/stepping reflex
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soles of feet touch surface => " walk"
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rooting reflex
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turn head to anything that strokes the cheek or mouth
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suckling reflex
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instinctively suck on anything that touches the roof of the mouth
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Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex
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fencing posture
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palmar grasp reflex
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finger close around object
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plantar reflex
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infant's toes curl around object
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babinski
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side of foot stroked => halux and toes extend
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why do baby's have the babinski reflex
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lack of myelination in their corticospinal tract
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STROKE
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FROM WIKIPEDIA
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what is the most important modifiable risk factor of stroke
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HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
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WHO definition of Stroke
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"NEUROLOGICAL DEFICIT OF CEREBROVASUCULAR CAUSE THAT PERSISTS BEYOND 24 HOURS OR IS INTERRUPTED BY DEATH WITHIN 24 HOURS"
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what if lasts less than 24 hours
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THEN IS A TIA
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4 causes of ischemic stroke
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- thrombosis
- embolism - systemic hypoperfusion - venous thrombosis |
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Thrombosis
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obstruction of a blood vessel by a blood clot forming locally
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Embolism
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item due to an embolus from elsewhere in the body
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systemic hypoperfusion
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general decrease in blood supply
eg. shock |
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venous thrombosis
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blood clot of the dural venous sinuses, which drain blood from the brain
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if strokes one of 3 main CNS pathways:
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1. spinothalamic tract
2. corticospinal tract 3. dorsal column (medial lemniscus) |
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then symptoms may include
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hemiplegia
muscle weakness of face numbness reduction in sensory or vibratory sense |
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stroke may affect the CNs
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sss
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stroke may affect cerebral cortex:
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aphasia
apraxia visual field defect memory deficit hemineglect disorganized thinking anosognosia |
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aphasia
- cerebral cortex |
inability to speak or understand language
- involvement of Broca's or Wernicke's area |
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apraxia
- cerebral cortex |
altered voluntary movements
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visual field defect
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sss
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memory deficits
- cerebral cortex |
temporal lobe involvement
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hemineglect
- cerebral cortex |
parietal lobe involvement
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