Primary Care - Musculoskeletal

Front 1

patient recalls an episode of beding/twisting or lifting and immediate onset of pain

Back 1

musculoligamentous strain

Front 2

radiation of back pain across lower back, down to posterior knee, but not below knee

Back 2

musculoligamentous strain

Front 3

why does musculoligamentous back strain not radiate distal to knee

Back 3

no nerve root injury

Front 4

what happens in lumbar disc herniation

Back 4

nucleus pulposus (inner portion of disc) extrudes through annulus fibrosis (outer portion) and impinges on nerve roots

Front 5

typical level for lumbar disc hernatiation

Back 5

L5-S1 or L4-L5

Front 6

what does lumbar disc herniatio usually cause

Back 6

radiculopathy due to compression of nerve root

Front 7

disc space narrowing in lower back, with osteophytes and lower extremity radiculopathy

Back 7

osteoarthritis

Front 8

narrowing of spinal canal

Back 8

lumbar spinal stenosis

Front 9

causes of lumbar spinal stenosis

Back 9

degenerative usually
iatrogenic
posttraumatic
achondroplasia

Front 10

pain caused by activity and relieved by rest or spinal flexion

Back 10

neurogenic claudication in lumbar spinal stenosis

Front 11

low back pain
sciatica involving one or both legs
decreased amublatory capacity

Back 11

lumbar spinal

Front 12

tx of vertebral compression fractures leading to kyphoscoliosis

Back 12

kyphoplast (injection of cement into vertebral body)

Front 13

most common spinal tumor

Back 13

metastatic (breast, lung, prostate, kidney, thyroid)

Front 14

night pain in spine

Back 14

neoplasm

Front 15

occurs after spinal trauma or central lumbosacral disc herniations

Back 15

cauda equina (compresion of S1, 2, 3, 4

Front 16

back pain exacerbated by coughing, sneezing, forward flexion

Back 16

disc herniation

Front 17

leg pain on back extension
worse with standing or walking
relief with bending or sitting

Back 17

spinal stenosis

Front 18

- bilateral sciatica
saddle anesthesia over buttocks/perineum
- low back pain, lower extremity weakness
- bowel or bladder dysfn
impotence, perianal anesthesia, lax anal sphincter

Back 18

cauda equina

Front 19

tx for cauda equina syndrome

Back 19

surgical emergency

Front 20

forward slipping of cephalad vertebra on the caudad vertebra, usually in an older person

Back 20

spondylolisthesis

Front 21

innervation for hip flexion

Back 21

L2

Front 22

innervation for knee extension

Back 22

L3

Front 23

innervation for ankle dorsiflexion

Back 23

L4 and L5

Front 24

innervation for great toe dorsiflexion

Back 24

L5

Front 25

innervation for ankle plantar flexion

Back 25

S1

Front 26

straight leg raise is a sensitive test for?

Back 26

nerve root compression (L5 or S1)

Positive test produces radiculopathy at 30 to 60 degree raise from supine

Front 27

straight leg text producing pain by raising contralateral leg

Back 27

herniated disc

Front 28

tests for L4 root function

Back 28

ankle dorsiflexion
sensation anteromedial leg
patellar tendon reflex

Front 29

test for L5 root function

Back 29

dorsiflexion of ankle and big toe against resistance
sensation along lateral shin and dorsum of foot

Front 30

tests for S1 root function

Back 30

ankle plantar flexion (gastroc)
ankle deep tendon reflex (Achilles)
sensation lateral foot and heel

Front 31

for which kind of pain is surgery more effective: lower back or leg?

Back 31

leg

Front 32

anterior knee pain worse wtih climbing and descending stairs

Back 32

patellofemoral pain

Front 33

tx for patellofemoral pain

Back 33

quads/hamstrings stretching/strengthening

Front 34

recurrent knee effusions
tenderness along medial or lateral joint lines
positive McMurray test

Back 34

meniscal degeneration/tear

Front 35

area of necrotic bone and degenerative changes in the overlying cartilage, with bone/cartilage piece possibly separating from underlying bone and becoming a loose body in the joint

Back 35

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD)

Front 36

baker's cyst is associated wtih

Back 36

rheumatoid disease or osteoarthritis

Front 37

cyst resulting from something like a meniscus tear. Can rupture, causing pain/swelling

Back 37

Baker's cyst

Front 38

tx for patellar tendinitis

Back 38

activity modification
quadriceps/hamstring rehabilitation

Front 39

three lateral ligaments of ankle

Back 39

anterior talofibular
calcaneofibular
posterior talofibular

Front 40

which side of ankle is usually injured?

Back 40

lateral

Front 41

grades of ankle sprain

Back 41

1 - partial ATFL rupture
2 - complete ATFL and partial CFL rupture
3 - complete rupture of both ATFL and CFL