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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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height growth
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2-3 inches a year
3 years 37 in 4 years 40 |
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weight growth
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4.5-6 lbs/year
3 yo 32 lb 4 yo 36 lb 5 yo 41 lb |
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preschool physical appearance
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slimmer, knock knees
all 20 deciduous teeth |
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preschool Gross motor
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3 yr-rides tricycle, stands on one foot, alternating feet up steps
4 yo- skips and hops one foot, catches ball 5 yo- skips alt feet, jump rope, swims |
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Fine motor
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3 yo- copies a circle, lines
4 yo- draw faces, laces, scissors 5 yo- ties shoes, stick figure prints |
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preschooler Cognitive developement
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preoperational
-preconceptual 2-4 years -intuitive 4-7 years shifting from totally egocentric to social awareness |
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characteristics of thinking
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some shift from egocentric thought
time and age not well understood can think and verbalize w/out acting basic cause and effect |
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egocentrism and preschooler
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are unable to separate their own beliefs, thoughts and ideas from others
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transductive reasoning
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Children begin to give labels to objects they see in everyday life
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centration
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focusing on one aspect rather than all options
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animism
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attributes lifelike qualities to innate objects "dumb chair"
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irreversibility
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believe that things cant go backward
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inability to conserve
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2 glasses, 1 wide and 1 tall with same amount of liquid
they will think the tall one has more |
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magical thinking
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find
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language and preschool
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3 yo-900 words 3-4 key words, 75% intelligible
4 yo- 1500 words 90-100% intelligible 5 yo- 2100 words, 6-8 word sentences, 100% intelligible |
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literal interpretation of language
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look at list
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preschooler concept of death
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irreversible?
inevitable believe that death may be a punishment |
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preschooler psychosocial-erikson
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initiative vs guilt
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initiative vs guilt
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learning new things is fun
sense of accomplishment in activities energetic learning may develop guilt if criticized |
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preschooler play
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3 yo- parallel and associative
4 yo- assoc. dramatic 5 yo- assoc. play, dramatic play |
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parallel and associative play
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any activity, same place, not together
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assoc. dramatic
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same activity, same place, not together
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associ play, dramatic play
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dress up interactive
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preschool psychosexual
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identify with opposite sex parent and then same sex parent
oedipal and electra complexes paramount fear of body mutilation |
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oedipal and electra complexes
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want to marry mother/dad
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family with a preschooler
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potty training
2nd child |
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preschooler Moral and spiritual development
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good vs bad, acceptable vs unacceptable
wrong is governed by rules do not understand rationale for rules no understanding of a higher power prayers are rituals |
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preschooler nutrition
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need healthy meals and snacks
need 1000-1500 cc of fluid per day influenced by habits of others |
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preschool Dental care
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should see dentist
brush own teeth start to floss flouride |
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sleep and rest
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from one nap to no naps
sleep 10-12 hrs per night may have bedtime fears nightmares night terrors |
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enuresis
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bed wetting
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encopresis
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fecal incontinence
primary before 4 secondary after 4 |
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preschooler Discipline
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parents should have discussed method
look at physical punishment and effectiveness child can become involved in deciding consequences |
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fears/stressors
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night time fears
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sex education
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questions are simple and fact finding
explanations are simple and factual answer honestly masterbation common do not condemn sexual play teach rules to avoid sexual abuse |
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toddler anticipatory guidance
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imaginary playmates
school readiness, friends, daycare tv/computers/internet, other media |
