Prentice Hall Biology Chapters 1-10

Front 1

science

Back 1

organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

Front 2

inference

Back 2

logical interpritation based on prior knowledge and expirience.

Front 3

spontaneous generation

Back 3

the idea that living matter can come out of nothing

Front 4

metabolism

Back 4

the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes

Front 5

homeostasis

Back 5

the process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable

Front 6

compund light microscopes

Back 6

allow light to pass through the specimen and use two lenses to form an image

Front 7

electron microscopes

Back 7

focus beams of electrons on specimens to magnify them 100x more than a light microscope

Front 8

cell culture

Back 8

group of cells

Front 9

cell fractination

Back 9

when scientists divide up the parts of the cell

Front 10

ionic bond

Back 10

formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Front 11

ions

Back 11

an atom that gains electrons and has a negative charge

Front 12

covalent bond

Back 12

forms when electrons are shared between atoms

Front 13

van der Waals forces

Back 13

when molecules are close together, a sliht attraction can develop between the oppositley charged regions of nearby molecules

Front 14

cohesion

Back 14

attracion of molecules of the same substance

Front 15

adhesion

Back 15

attraction of molecules of different substances

Front 16

solution

Back 16

made of a solute, the substance that is dissolved, and the solvent, the substance in which the solute dissolves

Front 17

suspensions

Back 17

mixture of water and a non dissolved material

Front 18

buffers

Back 18

weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH

Front 19

monomers

Back 19

compounds that join together to form polymers

Front 20

carbohydrates

Back 20

compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms with a ratio of 1:2:1

Front 21

monosaccharides

Back 21

single sugar molecules

Front 22

polysaccharides

Back 22

lare macromolecules formed from monosaccharides

Front 23

lipids

Back 23

oils, fats, and waxes made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms

Front 24

nucleic acids

Back 24

macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus(DNA and RNA)

Front 25

nucletoides

Back 25

consist of 3 parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Front 26

proteins

Back 26

macromolecules that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Front 27

amino acids

Back 27

compounds with and amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other

Front 28

activation energy

Back 28

energy needed to get a chemical reaction started

Front 29

catalyst

Back 29

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Front 30

enzymes

Back 30

proteins that act as a biological catalysts

Front 31

ecology

Back 31

the scientific study of interactions amoung organisms and their environment

Front 32

what ecology studies in order from least to greastest

Back 32

individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

Front 33

chemosythesis

Back 33

when organims use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates

Front 34

detrivores

Back 34

feed on plant and animal remains

Front 35

trophic level

Back 35

each stem in a food chain or food web