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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What is the difference between symptoms, signs, and clinical manifestations?
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⁃ Symptoms are what the patient feels and describes; symptoms are subjective
⁃ Signs are what the physician observes; signs are objective ⁃ Clinical manifestations are both symptoms and signs |
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2. What is the TCM Definition for diseases?
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⁃ In TCM, disease in an imbalance of Yin and Yang
⁃ Dis-ease is feeling off or ill because the patients Yin and Yang is not in balance with universal Yin and Yang |
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3. What is TCM etiology?
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⁃ Etiology is the cause of disease
⁃ 6 external factors ⁃ 7 emotions ⁃ Miscellaneous (insect bites, traumatic injuries) |
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4. What is TCM pathology?
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⁃ What actually changed to cause dysfunction
⁃ An imbalance of yin and yang causes dysfunction in the body |
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5. What is TCM syndrome differentiation?
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⁃ Core part of diagnosis
⁃ Syndrome differentiation is a summary of symptoms and signs according to the principles of TCM, to illustrate the etiology, pathology and prognosis of a disease. ⁃ *Not the same as a ‘chief complaint’ |
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6. What is TCM diagnosis?
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⁃ The Four Pillars
⁃ Looking, Listening, Smelling, Asking |
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7. What is the TCM Concept of Qi?
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Qi is the basic element that forms the body and maintains the vitality of the body.
⁃ Hun Fei Po San (Souls) |
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How is Qi made in the body?
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⁃ Qi is made in the body by breathing air into the lungs, from food (ST/SP), and from essence (KD)
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How does it circulate in the body?
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Qi circulates in the meridians: the LV controls the smooth flow, the SP transports it, and LU distributes it. Qi is stored in zang organs.
⁃ Qi flows up, down, in and out. |
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There are 2 kinds of Qi, they are named according to their circulation
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⁃ Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi)
⁃ Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) |
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What are the functions of Qi?
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⁃ 5 Functions of Qi
⁃ Moving, promoting ⁃ Warming ⁃ Protecting ⁃ Holding, checking ⁃ Transformation, activities of conversion |
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8. What is the TCM concept of blood? How is it made in the body? How does it circuclate within the body? What are the functions of blood?
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Blood is produced by the spleen, which transports it to the heart and lung for distribution around the body.
⁃ Blood functions to nourish the viscera and the body. |
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9. What is the TCM concept of body fluid? How is it made in the body? How does it circulate within the body? According to the distribution, how many kinds of body fluid are there? What are the functions of body fluid?
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⁃ Body fluids are made/controlled by the lungs and the kidneys
⁃ KD: up+down, LU: in+out, San Jiao is the water pathway ⁃ Functions are nourishing and moistening |
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11. What are the two characteristics of TCM?
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⁃ Holism
⁃ Syndrome differentiation |
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exterior heat is also called...
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exterior heat is wind-heat
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tell-tale symptom for damp
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sluggish urination
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Confirming signs for heat syndromes:
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⁃ Red tongue
⁃ Rapid pulse |
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How many kinds of heat syndromes are there?
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⁃ Excess heat
⁃ Deficient heat ⁃ Stagnant heat |
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3) How many kinds of cold syndromes are there?
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⁃ Excess cold (Yin Excess)
⁃ Deficient Cold (Yang Deficiency) |
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what are the confirming symptoms of qi deficiency?
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spontaneous sweating & symptoms aggravated by exertion
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what are the confirming signs of qi deficiency?
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pale tongue, weak pulse
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what are the symptoms of qi deficiency?
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⁃ Shortness of breath, disinclination to speak, low voice, lassitude, pale complexion, aversion to cold, spontaneous sweating, all symptoms aggravated by exertion
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treatment principle for qi deficiency
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tonify qi & ascend qi or yang
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what are 4 points for qi deficiency
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ST36 -tonify
DU20 -raise qi REN17-command pt of qi KD7 - direct access to kidney essence |
