Prehospital Emergency Care Chapter Seven

Front 1

The word root physi/o in the medical term physiology means

Back 1

Nature

Front 2

"The prefix ""inter"" in the term intervertebral translates to"

Back 2

Between

Front 3

"The prefix ""epi"" in the medical term epiglottis means"

Back 3

Over, above

Front 4

"A medical term that ends with the suffic ""logy"" as in physiology, indicates"

Back 4

Study of

Front 5

"The medical term SUBCUTANEOUS contains the word root ""CUT"". This relates to the :"

Back 5

Skin

Front 6

"What word means ""delivery of oxygem and other nutrients to the cells?"""

Back 6

Perfusion

Front 7

"What word means ""relating to muscle?"""

Back 7

My/o

Front 8

....The sound-producing area of the larynx

Back 8

glottis

Front 9

Segment of the spinal column=

Back 9

vertebra

Front 10

below,under,deficient

Back 10

hypo

Front 11

Relating to the heart

Back 11

card/ium

Front 12

Around (an object)

Back 12

peri

Front 13

Referring to the armpit

Back 13

axil

Front 14

Referring to the lining of the lung and thorax

Back 14

Pleur

Front 15

Between (objects)

Back 15

Inter

Front 16

An imaginary line drawn horizontally through the waist to divide the body into superior and inferior planes

Back 16

transverse line

Front 17

The back or toward the back

Back 17

posterior

Front 18

Lying on the stomach

Back 18

prone

Front 19

Above,toward the head

Back 19

superior

Front 20

Position in which the patient is standing erect, facing forward, with arms down at the sides and palms forward

Back 20

normal anatomical position

Front 21

Refers to the center of the armpit

Back 21

midaxillary

Front 22

Below, toward the feet

Back 22

inferior

Front 23

Refers to the side, left or right of the midline, or away from the midline of the body

Back 23

lateral

Front 24

The front or toward the front

Back 24

anterior

Front 25

distant or far from the point of reference

Back 25

distal

Front 26

An imaginary line drawn vertically through the middle of the patient's body, dividing it into right and left planes

Back 26

midline

Front 27

A vertical plane that runs lengthwise and divides the body into a right and left half

Back 27

sagittal or lateral plane

Front 28

The plane that divides the body into two equal halves

Back 28

midsagittal plane

Front 29

The plane that divides the body into a front and a back half

Back 29

frontal or coronal plane

Front 30

The plane that is parallel with the ground and divides the body into upper and lower halves

Back 30

transverse or horizontal plane

Front 31

When you are describing an injury to the right chest, RIGHT refers to

Back 31

The patient's right

Front 32

A

Back 32

midline

Front 33

b

Back 33

proximal

Front 34

c

Back 34

distal

Front 35

d

Back 35

medial

Front 36

e

Back 36

lateral

Front 37

f

Back 37

palmar

Front 38

g

Back 38

plantar

Front 39

h

Back 39

anterior

Front 40

i

Back 40

posterior

Front 41

j

Back 41

superior

Front 42

k

Back 42

midaxillary

Front 43

L

Back 43

inferior

Front 44

The emergency physician confirms that your patient has sustained a bilateral femur fracture. This would indicate

Back 44

Bilateral refers to both right and left; the femur is the thigh bone.

Front 45

Describing the location of your patient's burns as posterior thigh would indicate

Back 45

"""towards the back"" of the thigh"

Front 46

You place a patient on his side so fluids can drain from his mouth. In what position have you placed him?

Back 46

"Lateral (toward or on the side"" Recumbent ""lying down"" position. "

Front 47

The section of the spinal or vertebral column that the ribs are attached to is:

Back 47

Thoracic spine

Front 48

Which section of the spine is most prone to injury?

Back 48

Cervical spine (neck)

Front 49

Shoulder and hip joints are ____, the kind of joint that permits the widest range of motion.

Back 49

Ball-and-socket joints

Front 50

Which muscle type is responsible for deliberate movements such as walking and chewing?

Back 50

Skeletal muscles can be consciously controlled; involuntary muscle movements are automatic

Front 51

In the unresponsive patient, what anatomical structure may not properly seal the airway, permitting vomit or other liquids to enter the trachea?

Back 51

epiglottis fails to close over the trachea

Front 52

What occurs when the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles contract, increasing the size of the thoracic cavity?

Back 52

thoracic cavity increases, creating lower pressure inside the chest than in the atmosphere, causing air to flow into the lungs.

Front 53

When assessing the infant or child, you know that its tongue

Back 53

takes up proportionately more space in the smaller mouth

Front 54

Inadequate breathing for the adult patient may be characterized by

Back 54

use of accessory muscles (eg muscles of the neck, above the clavicles, below the ribs) to aid in breathihng.

Front 55

a

Back 55

cranium

Front 56

b

Back 56

zygomatic bone

Front 57

c

Back 57

maxilla

Front 58

d

Back 58

cervical vertebra

Front 59

e

Back 59

sternum

Front 60

f

Back 60

xiphoid process

Front 61

g

Back 61

iliac crest

Front 62

h

Back 62

ilium

Front 63

i

Back 63

pelvic girdle

Front 64

j

Back 64

greater trochanter

Front 65

k

Back 65

symphysis pubis

Front 66

L

Back 66

frontal bone

Front 67

m

Back 67

parietal bone

Front 68

n

Back 68

occipital bone

Front 69

o

Back 69

temporal bone

Front 70

p

Back 70

mandible

Front 71

q

Back 71

clavicle

Front 72

r

Back 72

scapula

Front 73

s

Back 73

ribs

Front 74

t

Back 74

humerus

Front 75

u

Back 75

elbow

Front 76

v

Back 76

ulna

Front 77

w

Back 77

radius

Front 78

x

Back 78

sacrum

Front 79

y

Back 79

coccyx

Front 80

z

Back 80

carpals

Front 81

aa

Back 81

metacarpals

Front 82

bb

Back 82

phalanges

Front 83

cc

Back 83

femur

Front 84

dd

Back 84

patella

Front 85

ee

Back 85

tibia

Front 86

ff

Back 86

fibula

Front 87

gg

Back 87

tarsals

Front 88

hh

Back 88

metatarsals

Front 89

ii

Back 89

calcaneus

Front 90

Carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen through the walls of the capillaries at the _____ and ____

Back 90

alveoli and body's cells

Front 91

The heart is composed of four chambers. The two upper chambers, called ____, receive blood from the veins. The two lower chambers, called ____, pump blood out to the arteries.

Back 91

Atria, Ventricles

Front 92

Which component of the blood is responsible for defending against infection?

Back 92

White blood cells

Front 93

Pulses felt at different points on the body are classified as central or peripheral. What is considered to be the central pulse?

Back 93

The carotid.

Front 94

The delivery of oxygen and other nutrients to the cells, through adequate circulation of blood through the capillaries, is known as:

Back 94

hypoperfusion (hypo=low)

Front 95

The central nervous system consists of:

Back 95

The brain and spinal cord

Front 96

"What is the ""master gland,"" located at the base of the brain?"

Back 96

Pituitary

Front 97

Describe the anatomy and physiology of the skin

Back 97

It is the largest organ of the body and it protects against bacteria and also regulates temperature.

Front 98

Describe the semi-fowler position

Back 98

The patient is placed on his back with the torso elevated less than 45 degrees. In the fowler position, the patient is placed on his back with the torso elevated 45-60 degrees.

Front 99

decreasing the diameter of the blood vessels, increasing the resistance and making it harder for the blood to pass through, resulting in an increase in pressure, is known as:

Back 99

Vasoconstriction (decreasing diameter of vessel) and vasodialation (increasing diameter of vesel)

Front 100

The mechanical process primarily based on changes in pressure inside the chest causing air to flow into or out of the lungs is known as

Back 100

Ventilation.

Front 101

The muscle that contributes 60-70 percent of the effort to breathe is known as the

Back 101

Diaphragm. The rest is done by the intercostal muscles

Front 102

Which pulse site represents feeling the mechanical contraction of the heart and not the pressure wave of blood and thus does not provide an assessment of the effectiveness of the heart or blood volume?

Back 102

apical pulse.

Front 103

About 97 percent of the oxygen carried in the blood is carried on the surface of the red blood cell by attaching to :

Back 103

hemoglobin which is on the surface of the red blood cell. The other 3 percent is dissolved in the blood.

Front 104

For cells to function correctly, they require energy. The main source of energy comes from the cell's metabolizing:

Back 104

glucose

Front 105

The hormone epinephrine contains all four properties (alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2) Which of the following properties would cause the skin to become cool, pale, and diaphoretic from vasoconstriction in the skin?

Back 105

Alpha 1

Front 106

Which nerve exits the spinal cord at the cervical spine between C3 and C5 and stimulates the contraction of the diaphragm?

Back 106

Phrenic nerve

Front 107

Which two components of the nervous system control consciousness and must be intact and functioning for your patient to be awake?

Back 107

cerebral hemispheres and reticular activating system

Front 108

Which organ contains the islets of langerhans that are responsible for producing insulin?

Back 108

the pancreas

Front 109

Which solid organ is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, helps with filtering the blood, and serves as a reservoir of blood the body can use in an emergency?

Back 109

The spleen

Front 110

Urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder through which structure(s)?

Back 110

Ureters carry waste from kidneys to bladder. Urethra carries urine from bladder out of body;

Front 111

What does alpha 2 do

Back 111

it regulates the release of alpha 1

Front 112

what does beta1 do?

Back 112

it increases the heart rate, increases the force of contraction, and speeds up the elecrtical impulse traveling down the heart's conduction system.

Front 113

What does beta2 do?

Back 113

It causes smooth muscles to dialate, especially in the bronchioles and in some vessels.

Front 114

Respiration refers to:

Back 114

the process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes in and out of the cells, capillaries, and alveoli.

Front 115

Oxygenation refers to

Back 115

a form of respiration where the oxygen molecule moves across a membrane from an area of high oxygen concentration to an area of low oxygen concentration.