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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Susceptibility highest during period ofdifferentiation of organ systems

early embryo

hypoplasia, aplasia, atresia arise from changes or arrest in developmentof __

mullerian duct system

hypoplasia, aplasia, atresia is often accompanied by

imperforate hymen

ovarian hypoplasia is associated with

white color of animal

inherited as single autosomal gene; +/- unilateral; small amount of primordial follicles; heifer-like steer with poorly developed udder

ovarian hypoplasia

gonads of one sex– resemble externally other

pseudo hermaphordites

have organs of both sexes

true hermaphordites

heifer co-twin of bull• 92% sterile

Freemartinism

in freemartinism, each foetus colonised by cells from other – earlier developed male transfers __ which inhibits developmentfemale gonad

H-Y antigen

diagnostic of freemartinism

vagina is non-patent

testicular ypoplasia is caused by __

reduction in spermatogonia

haemic mummification occurs in

cattle

papyraceous mummification occurs in

all species except for cattle

Foetal death with retained corpusluteum; absorption of fluids; haemorrhage (cattle); hereditary torsion or compression of umbilical cord; infection

etiology of mummification

in late pregnancy - persistent anoestrus• no external signs• upon rectal examination: hard mass– no fremitus or cotyledons– small arteries

clinical signs of mummification

foetal death without abortion- Death occurs in early pregnancy:• foetus resorbed• slight discharge (endometritis)• prolonged inter oestrus intervals

maceration

Cow is in her third month of pregnancy; rapid weight loss– dehydration – high or low temperature and is suffering from pyomentra. What do you suspect?

closed uterus maceration

cow is in her third month of pregnancy and her cervix is open – intermittent straining – foul discharge from vulva – maybe chronic or long standing – weight loss – diarrhea. What do you suspect?

maceration that follows an attempted unsuccessfulabortion

caused by defective foetus(swallowing reflex) +/- associated with twins. accumulation of 5-30 gallons (slowlyover last 6 weeks of pregnancy)																						maybe no signs until parturition

caused by defective foetus(swallowing reflex) +/- associated with twins. accumulation of 5-30 gallons (slowlyover last 6 weeks of pregnancy) maybe no signs until parturition

hydraminos

associated with diseased uterus(caruncles) - massive accumulation of fluid in last 2months of pregnancy. Excess fluid at parturition +/- thickened PMs, small fetus, uterine inertia

hydroallantois

last third of pregnancy– 20 –50 gallons– distended abdomen– ~ abortion– anorexia– loss of body condition– increased pulse– difficulty in palpation of foetus– recumbency

last third of pregnancy– 20 –50 gallons– distended abdomen– ~ abortion– anorexia– loss of body condition– increased pulse– difficulty in palpation of foetus– recumbency

severe hydroallantois

may occur in combination withhydroallantois and hydramnios																						may result from infections, e.g. Brucella (aka: water-belly)

may occur in combination withhydroallantois and hydramnios may result from infections, e.g. Brucella (aka: water-belly)

edema of fetus / placenta