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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Susceptibility highest during period ofdifferentiation of organ systems |
early embryo |
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hypoplasia, aplasia, atresia arise from changes or arrest in developmentof __ |
mullerian duct system |
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hypoplasia, aplasia, atresia is often accompanied by |
imperforate hymen |
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ovarian hypoplasia is associated with |
white color of animal |
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inherited as single autosomal gene; +/- unilateral; small amount of primordial follicles; heifer-like steer with poorly developed udder |
ovarian hypoplasia |
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gonads of one sex– resemble externally other |
pseudo hermaphordites |
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have organs of both sexes |
true hermaphordites |
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heifer co-twin of bull• 92% sterile |
Freemartinism |
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in freemartinism, each foetus colonised by cells from other – earlier developed male transfers __ which inhibits developmentfemale gonad |
H-Y antigen |
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diagnostic of freemartinism |
vagina is non-patent |
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testicular ypoplasia is caused by __ |
reduction in spermatogonia |
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haemic mummification occurs in |
cattle |
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papyraceous mummification occurs in |
all species except for cattle |
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Foetal death with retained corpusluteum; absorption of fluids; haemorrhage (cattle); hereditary torsion or compression of umbilical cord; infection |
etiology of mummification |
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in late pregnancy - persistent anoestrus• no external signs• upon rectal examination: hard mass– no fremitus or cotyledons– small arteries |
clinical signs of mummification |
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foetal death without abortion- Death occurs in early pregnancy:• foetus resorbed• slight discharge (endometritis)• prolonged inter oestrus intervals |
maceration |
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Cow is in her third month of pregnancy; rapid weight loss– dehydration – high or low temperature and is suffering from pyomentra. What do you suspect? |
closed uterus maceration |
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cow is in her third month of pregnancy and her cervix is open – intermittent straining – foul discharge from vulva – maybe chronic or long standing – weight loss – diarrhea. What do you suspect? |
maceration that follows an attempted unsuccessfulabortion |
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caused by defective foetus(swallowing reflex) +/- associated with twins. accumulation of 5-30 gallons (slowlyover last 6 weeks of pregnancy) maybe no signs until parturition |
hydraminos |
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associated with diseased uterus(caruncles) - massive accumulation of fluid in last 2months of pregnancy. Excess fluid at parturition +/- thickened PMs, small fetus, uterine inertia |
hydroallantois |
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last third of pregnancy– 20 –50 gallons– distended abdomen– ~ abortion– anorexia– loss of body condition– increased pulse– difficulty in palpation of foetus– recumbency |
severe hydroallantois |
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may occur in combination withhydroallantois and hydramnios may result from infections, e.g. Brucella (aka: water-belly) |
edema of fetus / placenta |